如何在C＃中对数组排序Array.Sort()方法|套装– 4

Array.Sort方法用于对一维数组中的元素进行排序。此方法的重载列表中有17种方法。在这里，我们将讨论以下方法：

• Sort(Array)方法
• Sort (T []，Int32，Int32，IComparer )方法
• Sort (TKey []，TValue [])方法

Sort(Array)方法

此方法使用Array中每个元素的IComparable实现对整个一维数组中的元素进行排序。

Syntax: public static void Sort (Array arr);

Parameter:
arr: It is the one-dimensional array which is to be sorted.

例外情况：

• ArgumentNullException：如果数组为null。
• RankException：如果数组是多维的。
• InvalidOperationException：如果数组中的一个或多个元素未实现IComparable接口。

例子：

// C# program to demonstrate the
// Array.Sort(Array) method
using System;
  
class GFG {
  
    // Main Method
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Initialize two array.
        string[] arr = {"A", "E", "D", 
                  "C", "F", "B", "G"};
  
        // Display original values of the array
        Console.WriteLine("The original array:");
        Display(arr);
  
        // Sort the array using two array
        Array.Sort(arr);
  
        Console.WriteLine("\n\nAfter sorting :");
        Display(arr);
    }
  
    // Display function
    public static void Display(string[] arr)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.Write(arr[i] + " ");
        }
    }
}

输出：

The original array:
A E D C F B G 

After sorting :
A B C D E F G

Sort (T []，Int32，Int32，IComparer )方法

此方法使用指定的IComparer 通用接口对Array中的一系列元素进行排序。

Syntax: public static void Sort (T[] arr, int start, int len, IComparer comparer);
Here T is the type of the elements of the array.

Parameters:
arr: It is the one-dimensional array to sort.
start: It is the starting index of the range to sort.
len: It is the number of elements in the range to sort.
comparer: It is the IComparer generic interface implementation to use when comparing elements.

例外情况：

• ArgumentNullException：如果数组为null。
• ArgumentOutOfRangeException：如果起始索引小于数组的下限或长度len小于零。
• ArgumentException：如果起始索引和长度len在数组中未指定有效范围，或者比较器的实现在排序期间导致错误。
• InvalidOperationException：如果比较器为null。

例子：

// C# program to demonstrate the use of 
// Sort(T[], Int32, Int32, IComparer)
// Method
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
  
class compare : IComparer {
  
    public int Compare(string x, string y)
    {
        // Compare x to y
        return x.CompareTo(y);
    }
}
  
class GFG {
  
    // Main Method
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Initializing array
        String[] arr = {"A", "D", "B",
                  "E", "C", "F", "G"};
  
        // Instantiate the IComparer object
        compare cmp = new compare();
  
        // Display the original values of the array
        Console.WriteLine("The original array:");
        display(arr);
  
        // sorting range is index 1 to 4
        // "cmp" is the IComparer obeject
        Array.Sort(arr, 1, 4, cmp);
  
        Console.WriteLine("\nAfter sorting the array using the IComparer:");
        display(arr);
    }
  
    // display function
    public static void display(String[] arr)
    {
        foreach(String a in arr)
            Console.WriteLine(a);
    }
}

输出：

The original array:
A
D
B
E
C
F
G

After sorting the array using the IComparer:
A
B
C
D
E
F
G

Sort (TKey []，TValue [])方法

此方法使用每个键的IComparable 通用接口实现，根据第一个Array中的键对一对Array对象(一个包含键，另一个包含对应的项)进行排序。

Syntax: public static void Sort(TKey[] keys, TValue[] items);
Here, TKey is the type of the elements of the key array and TValue the type of the elements of the items array.

Parameters:
keys: It is the one-dimensional array that contains the keys to sort.
items: It is the one-dimensional array that contains the items that correspond to the keys in keys.

例外情况：

• ArgumentNullException：如果键为null。
• ArgumentException：如果items不为null且键的下限不匹配items的下限，或者items不为null且键的长度大于items的长度。
• InvalidOperationException：如果keys数组中的一个或多个元素未实现IComparable 通用接口。

例子：

// C# program to demonstrate the use of
// Array.Sort(TKey[], TValue[])
// Method
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
  
class compare : IComparer {
  
    public int Compare(string x, string y)
    {
        // Compare x to y
        return x.CompareTo(y);
    }
}
  
// Driver Class
class GFG {
  
    // Main Method
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Initialize two array
        String[] arr1 = {"H", "J", "K",
                   "L", "I", "N", "M"};
  
        String[] arr2 = {"A", "E", "D", 
                   "C", "F", "B", "G"};
  
        // Instantiate the IComparer object
        compare g = new compare();
  
        // Display orginal values of the array
        Console.WriteLine("The original order of"+
                       " elements in the array:");
  
        Display(arr1, arr2);
  
        // Sort the array
        // "arr1" is keys array
        // "arr2" is items array
        // "g" is IComparer object
        Array.Sort(arr1, arr2, g);
          
        Console.WriteLine("\nAfter Sorting: ");
        Display(arr1, arr2);
    }
  
    // Display function
    public static void Display(String[] arr1, String[] arr2)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < arr1.Length; i++) 
        {
            Console.WriteLine(arr1[i] + " : " + arr2[i]);
        }
    }
}

输出：

The original order of elements in the array:
H : A
J : E
K : D
L : C
I : F
N : B
M : G

After Sorting: 
H : A
I : F
J : E
K : D
L : C
M : G
N : B