如何在 Matplotlib 中设置轴范围?
Matplotlib 通过在该轴上查找极值(即最小值和最大值)来设置轴的默认范围。但是,为了更好地查看数据,有时会使用 pyplot 模块根据 Matplotlib 中的要求设置图形的轴范围。以下是在 Matplotlib 中设置轴范围的方法:
句法:
For setting range of x-axis:
matplotlib.pyplot.xlim(limit_range)
For setting range of y-axis:
matplotlib.pyplot.ylim(limit_range)
示例 1:
让我们在不设置轴范围的情况下绘制正弦波函数:
Python
# import packages
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# return values between 0 and 10 with
# even space of 0.1
x = np.arange(0, 10, 0.1)
# generate value of sine function for
# given x values
y = np.sin(x)
# plot graph of sine function
plt.plot(y, color='blue')
# display plot
plt.show()
Python
# import packages
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# return values between 0 and 10 with
# even space of 0.1
x = np.arange(0, 10, 0.1)
# generate value of sine function for
# given x values
y = np.sin(x)
# plot graph of sine function
plt.plot(y, color='blue')
# Set the range of x-axis
plt.xlim(0, 60)
# display plot
plt.show()
Python
# import packages
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# return values between 0 and 10 with
# even space of 0.1
x = np.arange(0, 10, 0.1)
# generate value of sine function for
# given x values
y = np.sin(x)
# plot graph of sine function
plt.plot(y, color='blue')
# Set the range of y-axis
plt.ylim(0, 1)
# display plot
plt.show()
Python
# import packages
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# return values between 0 and 10 with
# even space of 0.1
x = np.arange(0, 10, 0.1)
# generate value of sine function for
# given x values
y = np.sin(x)
# plot graph of sine function
plt.plot(y, color='blue')
# Set the range of x-axis
plt.xlim(0, 32)
# Set the range of y-axis
plt.ylim(0, 1)
# display plot
plt.show()
输出:
现在,我们将绘图的 x 轴范围设置为 [0, 60]。以下是限制x轴范围的代码:
示例 2:
Python
# import packages
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# return values between 0 and 10 with
# even space of 0.1
x = np.arange(0, 10, 0.1)
# generate value of sine function for
# given x values
y = np.sin(x)
# plot graph of sine function
plt.plot(y, color='blue')
# Set the range of x-axis
plt.xlim(0, 60)
# display plot
plt.show()
输出:
现在,我们将绘图的 y 轴范围设置为 [0, 1]。以下是限制y轴范围的代码:
示例 3:
Python
# import packages
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# return values between 0 and 10 with
# even space of 0.1
x = np.arange(0, 10, 0.1)
# generate value of sine function for
# given x values
y = np.sin(x)
# plot graph of sine function
plt.plot(y, color='blue')
# Set the range of y-axis
plt.ylim(0, 1)
# display plot
plt.show()
输出:
我们还可以同时为绘图的两个轴设置范围。现在,我们将 x 轴范围设置为 [0, 32],y 轴范围设置为 [0, 1]。以下是限制x轴和y轴范围的代码:
示例 4:
Python
# import packages
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# return values between 0 and 10 with
# even space of 0.1
x = np.arange(0, 10, 0.1)
# generate value of sine function for
# given x values
y = np.sin(x)
# plot graph of sine function
plt.plot(y, color='blue')
# Set the range of x-axis
plt.xlim(0, 32)
# Set the range of y-axis
plt.ylim(0, 1)
# display plot
plt.show()
输出: