legendre,legendref和legendrel是C++ STL中的内置函数,用于计算度数n和参数x的未关联多项式的值。 x的n阶未关联勒让德多项式的值由下式给出:
勒让德多项式的前几个是
句法:
double legendre( unsigned int n, double x )
or
double legendre( unsigned int n, float x )
or
double legendre( unsigned int n, long double x )
or
float legendref( unsigned int n, float x )
or
long double legendrel( unsigned int n, long double x )
参数:该函数接受两个强制性参数,如下所述:
- n:指定多项式的次数。
- x:指定参数,该参数表示浮点或整数类型的值
返回值:该函数返回参数x的n阶不相关的勒让德多项式的值。返回类型取决于传递的参数。
注意:该函数在C++ 17(7.1)及更高版本中运行。
下面的程序说明了上述功能:
// C++ program to illustrate the above
// mentioned three functions
#include
#include
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// int and double as parameter
cout << "legendre(2,0.3)= " << legendre(2,0.3);
// x as double type parameter
cout << "\nlegendre(3,(double)0.4)=" << legendre(3,(double)0.4);
// x as float
cout << "\nlegendre(3,(float)0.4)= " << legendre(3,(float)0.4);
// legendref
cout << "\nlegendref(3, 0.45)= " << legendref(3, 0.45);
// legendrel
cout << "\nlegendrel(7, 0.50)= " << legendrel(7, 0.50);
return 0;
}
错误和异常:该函数在以下三种情况下引发错误:
- 如果参数为NaN,则返回NaN并且不报告域错误
- | x |> 1不需要定义该函数
- 如果n大于或等于128,则行为是实现定义的
下面的程序说明了以上错误:
程序1:
// C++ program to illustrate the above
// mentioned three functions
// domain error
#include
#include
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// int and double as parameter
cout << "legendre(129, 2)= " << legendre(129, 2);
return 0;
}
输出:
terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::domain_error'
what(): Argument out of range in __poly_legendre_p.
legendre(129, 2)=
程式2:
// C++ program to illustrate the above
// mentioned three functions
// when x is NaN
#include
#include
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// int and double as parameter
cout << "legendre(129, NaN)= " << legendre(129, sqrt(-2));
return 0;
}
输出:
legendre(129, NaN)= nan
程序3:
// C++ program to illustrate the above
// mentioned three functions
// domain error
#include
#include
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// int and double as parameter
cout << "legendre(129, 2)= " << legendre(129, 2);
return 0;
}
输出:
terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::domain_error'
what(): Argument out of range in __poly_legendre_p.
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