优先级队列是一种容器适配器,经过专门设计,以使队列的第一个元素在队列中的所有元素中占最大比例。
priority_queue :: swap()
此函数用于将一个优先级队列的内容与相同类型和大小的另一个优先级队列交换。
句法 :
priorityqueuename1.swap(priorityqueuename2)
Parameters :
The name of the priority queue with which
the contents have to be swapped.
Result :
All the elements of the 2 priority queues are swapped.
例子:
Input : mypqueue1 = {1, 2, 3, 4}
mypqueue2 = {3, 5, 7, 9}
mypqueue1.swap(mypqueue2);
Output : mypqueue1 = {9, 7, 5, 3}
mypqueue2 = {4, 3, 2, 1}
Input : mypqueue1 = {1, 3, 5, 7}
mypqueue2 = {2, 4, 6, 8}
mypqueue1.swap(mypqueue2);
Output : mypqueue1 = {8, 6, 4, 2}
mypqueue2 = {7, 5, 3, 1}
Note: In priority_queue container, the elements are printed
in reverse order because the top is printed first
then moving on to other elements.
错误和异常
1.如果优先级队列的类型不同,则会引发错误。
2.否则,它有一个基本的无异常抛出保证。
// CPP program to illustrate
// Implementation of swap() function
#include
#include
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// priority_queue container declaration
priority_queue mypqueue1;
priority_queue mypqueue2;
// pushing elements into the 1st priority queue
mypqueue1.push(1);
mypqueue1.push(2);
mypqueue1.push(3);
mypqueue1.push(4);
// pushing elements into the 2nd priority queue
mypqueue2.push(3);
mypqueue2.push(5);
mypqueue2.push(7);
mypqueue2.push(9);
// using swap() function to swap elements of priority queues
mypqueue1.swap(mypqueue2);
// printing the first priority queue
cout << "mypqueue1 = ";
while (!mypqueue1.empty()) {
cout << mypqueue1.top() << " ";
mypqueue1.pop();
}
// printing the second priority queue
cout << endl
<< "mypqueue2 = ";
while (!mypqueue2.empty()) {
cout << mypqueue2.top() << " ";
mypqueue2.pop();
}
return 0;
}
输出:
mypqueue1 = 9 7 5 3
mypqueue2 = 4 3 2 1
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