需要删除对象:
- 为了避免内存泄漏,因为当使用new动态创建对象时,该对象将占用堆部分中的内存。
- 如果未明确删除对象,则程序将在运行时崩溃。
程序1:创建使用new运算符动态创建的类的对象,并使用delete运算符显式删除它:
C++
// C++ program to create an object
// dynamically and delete explicitly
#include
using namespace std;
// Class
class Student {
public:
// Constructor
Student()
{
cout << "Constructor is called!\n";
}
// Destructor
~Student()
{
cout << "Destructor is called!\n";
}
// Function to display the message
void write()
{
cout << "Writing!\n";
}
};
// Driver Code
int main()
{
// Create an array of objects
Student* student = new Student();
// Function Call to write()
// using instance
student->write();
// De-allocate the memory
// explicitly
delete student;
return 0;
}
C++
// C++ program to create an array of
// objects and deleting it explicitly
#include
using namespace std;
// Class
class Student {
public:
// Constructor
Student()
{
cout << "Constructor is called!\n";
}
// Destructor
~Student()
{
cout << "Destructor is called!\n";
}
// Function to display message
void write()
{
cout << "Writing!\n";
}
};
// Driver Code
int main()
{
// Create an array of the object
// dynamically
Student* student = new Student[3];
// Function Call to write()
student[0].write();
student[1].write();
student[2].write();
// De-allocate the memory
// explicitly
delete[] student;
return 0;
}
C++
// C++ program to delete array of
// objects
#include
using namespace std;
// Class
class Student {
public:
// Constructor
Student()
{
cout << "Constructor is called!\n";
}
// Destructor
~Student()
{
cout << "Destructor is called!\n";
}
// Function to display message
void write()
{
cout << "Writing!\n";
}
};
// Driver Code
int main()
{
// Create an object dynamically
Student* student = new Student[3];
// Function call to write()
student[0].write();
student[1].write();
student[2].write();
// De-allocate the memory
// explicitly
delete student;
return 0;
}
输出:
Constructor is called!
Writing!
Destructor is called!
程序2:使用new运算符动态创建对象数组。每当在运行时创建类的对象数组时,程序员都有责任删除它并避免内存泄漏:
C++
// C++ program to create an array of
// objects and deleting it explicitly
#include
using namespace std;
// Class
class Student {
public:
// Constructor
Student()
{
cout << "Constructor is called!\n";
}
// Destructor
~Student()
{
cout << "Destructor is called!\n";
}
// Function to display message
void write()
{
cout << "Writing!\n";
}
};
// Driver Code
int main()
{
// Create an array of the object
// dynamically
Student* student = new Student[3];
// Function Call to write()
student[0].write();
student[1].write();
student[2].write();
// De-allocate the memory
// explicitly
delete[] student;
return 0;
}
输出:
Constructor is called!
Constructor is called!
Constructor is called!
Writing!
Writing!
Writing!
Destructor is called!
Destructor is called!
Destructor is called!
程序3:
下面是其中删除用于删除对象的数组的程序:
C++
// C++ program to delete array of
// objects
#include
using namespace std;
// Class
class Student {
public:
// Constructor
Student()
{
cout << "Constructor is called!\n";
}
// Destructor
~Student()
{
cout << "Destructor is called!\n";
}
// Function to display message
void write()
{
cout << "Writing!\n";
}
};
// Driver Code
int main()
{
// Create an object dynamically
Student* student = new Student[3];
// Function call to write()
student[0].write();
student[1].write();
student[2].write();
// De-allocate the memory
// explicitly
delete student;
return 0;
}
说明:该程序将在运行时崩溃。在此程序中,构造函数正常工作,但析构函数仅对第一个对象执行,并且在该程序由于内存泄漏而在运行时崩溃后,才对它进行处理。这是因为在运行时创建了3个对象,但仅删除了一个对象,这就是为什么其余两个对象在运行时崩溃的原因。
结论:
在C++中,使用以下命令删除在运行时使用新运算符创建的类的单个对象: delete运算符,而使用delete []运算符删除对象数组时,它不会导致内存泄漏。
要从最佳影片策划和实践问题去学习,检查了C++基础课程为基础,以先进的C++和C++ STL课程基础加上STL。要完成从学习语言到DS Algo等的更多准备工作,请参阅“完整面试准备课程” 。