1.关系在线分析处理(ROLAP):
ROLAP服务器位于关系后端服务器和客户端前端工具之间。它使用关系或扩展DBMS来存储和管理仓库数据。 ROLAP基本上具有3个主要组件:数据库服务器,ROLAP服务器和前端工具。
ROLAP的优势–
- ROLAP用于处理大量数据。
- ROLAP工具不使用预先计算的数据立方体。
- 数据可以有效地存储。
- ROLAP可以利用关系数据库中固有的功能。
ROLAP的缺点–
- ROLAP的性能可能很慢。
- 在ROALP中,难以维护汇总表。
- 受SQL功能限制。
2.多维在线分析处理(MOLAP):
MOLAP不使用关系数据库进行存储,而是存储在优化的多维数组存储中。对于多维数据存储,存储利用率可能很低。许多MOLAP服务器通过使用两个级别的数据存储表示来处理密集和稀疏的数据集。 MOLAP具有3个组件:数据库服务器,MOLAP服务器和前端工具。
MOLAP的优势–
- MOLAP基本上用于复杂的计算。
- MOLAP最适合切片和切块之类的操作。
- MOLAP允许对预先计算的摘要数据进行最快的索引编制。
MOLAP的缺点–
- MOLAP无法处理大量数据。
- 在MOLAP中,需要额外的投资。
- 如果不重新聚合,则很难更改维度。
3.混合在线分析处理(HOLAP):
混合是ROLAP和MOLAP的组合,提供了ROLAP和MOLAP的功能,例如更快地计算MOLAP和更高的ROLAP可扩展性。聚合分别存储在MOLAP存储中。它的服务器允许存储大量数据的详细信息。
HOLAP的优势–
- HOLAP提供MOLAP和ROLAP的功能。
- HOLAP提供了所有聚合级别的快速访问。
HOLAP的缺点–
HOLAP体系结构非常复杂,因为它支持MOLAP和ROLAP。ROLAP,MOLAP和HOLAP之间的区别:
Basis ROLAP MOLAP HOLAP Storage location for summary aggregation Relational Database is used as storage location for summary aggregation. Multidimensional Database is used as storage location for summary aggregation. Multidimensional Database is used as storage location for summary aggregation. Processing time Processing time of ROLAP is very slow. Processing time of MOLAP is fast. Processing time of HOLAP is fast. Storage space requirement Large storage space requirement in ROLAP as compare to MOLAP and HOLAP. Medium storage space requirement in MOLAP as compare to ROLAP and HOLAP. Small storage space requirement in HOLAP as compare to MOLAP and ROLAP. Storage location for detail data Relational database is used as storage location for detail data. Multidimensional database is used as storage location for detail data. Relational database is used as storage location for detail data. Latency Low latency in ROLAP as compare to MOLAP nad HOLAP. High latency in MOLAP as compare to ROLAP and HOLAP. Medium latency in HOLAP as compare to MOLAP and ROLAP. Query response time Slow query response time in ROLAP as compare to MOLAP and HOLAP. Fast query response time in MOLAP as compare to ROLAP and HOLAP. Medium query response time in HOLAP as compare to MOLAP and ROLAP.