1.调查：
调查是指从所有或指定数量的宇宙响应者中收集有关正在研究的变量的信息的方式。通过保持结构化的数据收集形式(通过访谈，问卷调查，案例研究等)来进行调查。在调查中，从准备好的正式调查表集中询问准备好的问题，并以相同的形式收集输出。
例如–对学生进行有关印度新教育政策的调查。
2.实验：
实验是指在科学程序/方法的帮助下进行实际实验的方法，并且可以观察到结果。通过按照科学程序或科学方法进行实验来进行实验。在实验中，研究者/检查者根据各种因素进行测试或实验，并观察实验结果。
例如–由一组特定于某个主题的学生和学院在化学实验室进行实验。
调查与实验之间的区别：
| S.No. | SURVEY | EXPERIMENT |
|---|---|---|
| 01. | It refers to a way of gathering information regarding a variable under study from people. | It refers to the way of experimenting something practically with the help of scientific procedure/approach and the outcome is observed. |
| 02. | Surveys are conducted in case of descriptive research. | Experiments are conducted in case of experimental research. |
| 03. | Surveys are carried out to see something. | Experiments are carried out to experience something. |
| 04. | These studies usually have larger samples. | These studies usually have smaller samples. |
| 05. | The surveyor does not manipulate the variable or arrange for events to happen. | The researcher may manipulate the variable or arrange for events to happen. |
| 06. | It is appropriate in case of social or behavioral science. | It is appropriate in case of physical and natural science. |
| 07. | It comes under field research. | It comes under laboratory research. |
| 08. | Possible relationship between the data and the unknowns in the universe can be studied through surveys. | Experiments are meant to determine such relationships. |
| 09. | Surveys can be performed in less cost than a experiments. | Experiments costs higher than the surveys. |
| 10. | Surveys often deals with secondary data. | Experiments deal with primary data. |
| 11. | In surveys there is no requirement of laboratory equipment or there is a very small requirement of equipment just to collect any sample of data. | In experiments usually laboratory equipment are used in various activities during the experiment process. |
| 12. | It is vital in co-relational analysis. | It is vital in casual analysis. |
| 13. | No manipulation is involved in surveys. | Manipulation is involved in experiments. |
| 14. | In surveys data is collected through interview, questionnaire, case study etc. | In experiments data is collected through several readings of experiment. |
| 15. | Surveys can focus on broad topics. | Experiments focuses on specific topic. |