如何通过C程序检测操作系统

借助C编程，可以找出程序在其上运行的操作系统。对于我们要构建平台独立程序的情况，此信息非常有用。要找到OS(操作系统)，我们检出由编译器定义的宏，例如，具有32位OS的窗口具有“ _WIN32 ”作为宏，因此，如果定义了宏，则我们正在使用的系统是具有32位的Windows。位操作系统。同样，其他操作系统也定义了不同的宏。一些流行的操作系统的宏列表如下：

Sr. No.	Operating System	Macro Present	Notes
1.	Windows 32-bit + 64-bit	_WIN32	for all Windows OS
2.	Windows 64 bit	_WIN64	Only for 64 bit windows
3.	Apple	__APPLE__	For all Apple OS
4.	Apple	__MACH__	alternative to above
5.	iOS embedded	TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED	include TargetConditionals.h
6.	iOS simulator	TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR	include TargetConditionals.h
7.	iPhone	TARGET_OS_IPHONE	include TargetConditionals.h
8.	MacOS	TARGET_OS_MAC	include TargetConditionals.h
9.	Android	__ANDROID__	subset of linux
10.	Unix based OS	__unix__	–
11.	Linux	__linux__	subset of unix
12.	POSIX based	_POSIX_VERSION	Windows with Cygwin
13.	Solaris	__sun	–
14.	HP UX	__hpux	–
15.	BSD	BSD	all BSD flavors
16.	DragonFly BSD	__DragonFly__	–
17.	FreeBSD	__FreeBSD__	–
18.	NetBSD	__NetBSD__	–
19.	OpenBSD	__OpenBSD__	–

笔记：

It must be noted that the macros are valid for GNU GCC and G++ and may vary for other compilers.

以下是检测我们正在使用哪个操作系统的程序：

C

// C program to detect Operating System
  
#include 
  
// Driver Code
int main()
{
  
// Checking for windows OS with
// _WIN32 macro
#ifdef _WIN32
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that"
           "you are working on a Windows OS.\n");
  
// Checking for mac OS with
// __APPLE__ macro
#elif __APPLE__
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on a Mac OS.\n");
  
// Checking for linux OS with
// __linux__ macro
#elif __linux__
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on a Linux OS.\n");
  
// Checking for iOS embedded OS with
// TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED macro
#elif TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on an iOS embedded OS.\n");
  
// Checking for iOS simulator OS with
// TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR macro
#elif TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on an iOS simulator OS.\n");
  
// Checking for iPhone OS with
// TARGET_OS_IPHONE macro
#elif TARGET_OS_IPHONE
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on an iPhone OS.\n");
  
// Checking for MAC OS with
// TARGET_OS_MAC macro
#elif TARGET_OS_MAC
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on a MAC OS.\n");
  
// Checking for Android OS with
// __ANDROID__ macro
#elif__ANDROID__
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on an android OS.\n");
  
// Checking for unix OS with
// __unix__ macro
#elif __unix__
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on a unix OS.\n");
  
// Checking for POSIX based OS with
// _POSIX_VERSION macro
#elif _POSIX_VERSION
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on a POSIX based OS.\n");
  
// Checking for Solaris OS with
// __sun macro
#elif __sun
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on a Solaris OS.\n");
  
// Checking for HP UX OS with
// __hpux macro
#elif __hpux
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on a HP UX OS.\n");
  
// Checking for BSD OS with
// BSD macro
#elif BSD
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on a Solaris OS.\n");
  
// Checking for DragonFly BSD OS with
// __DragonFly__ macro
#elif __DragonFly__
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on a DragonFly BSD OS.\n");
  
// Checking for FreeBSD OS with
// __FreeBSD__ macro
#elif __FreeBSD__
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on a FreeBSD OS.\n");
  
// Checking for Net BSD OS with
// __NetBSD__ macro
#elif __NetBSD__
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on a Net BSD OS.\n");
  
// Checking for Open BSD OS with
// __OpenBSD__ macro
#elif __OpenBSD__
    printf("Hey Geek it seems that you"
           "are working on an Open BSD OS.\n");
  
// If neither of them is present
// then this is printed...
#else
    printf("Sorry, the system are"
           "not listed above.\n");
#endif
    return 0;
}

输出：
以下是Windows操作系统上上述程序的输出：

同样，可以找到操作系统并为系统设置适当的代码

想要从精选的最佳视频中学习和练习问题，请查看《基础知识到高级C的C基础课程》。