📅  最后修改于: 2020-10-19 03:56:45             🧑  作者: Mango
命名空间是对相关代码进行逻辑分组的一种方法。这是内置在TypeScript中的,而JavaScript中的变量声明进入了全局范围,而如果在同一项目中使用多个JavaScript文件,则有可能会覆盖或错误解释相同的变量,这将导致“全局命名空间污染问题”。 JavaScript。
命名空间定义以关键字命名空间开头,后跟命名空间名称,如下所示:
namespace SomeNameSpaceName {
export interface ISomeInterfaceName { }
export class SomeClassName { }
}
应该在名称空间之外访问的类或接口应该用关键字export标记。
要访问另一个名称空间中的类或接口,语法将为namespaceName.className
SomeNameSpaceName.SomeClassName;
如果第一个名称空间在单独的TypeScript文件中,则应使用三斜杠引用语法对其进行引用。
///
以下程序演示了名称空间的使用-
FileName :IShape.ts
----------
namespace Drawing {
export interface IShape {
draw();
}
}
FileName :Circle.ts
----------
///
namespace Drawing {
export class Circle implements IShape {
public draw() {
console.log("Circle is drawn");
}
FileName :Triangle.ts
----------
///
namespace Drawing {
export class Triangle implements IShape {
public draw() {
console.log("Triangle is drawn");
}
}
FileName : TestShape.ts
///
///
///
function drawAllShapes(shape:Drawing.IShape) {
shape.draw();
}
drawAllShapes(new Drawing.Circle());
drawAllShapes(new Drawing.Triangle());
}
}
}
上面的代码可以使用以下命令编译和执行-
tsc --out app.js TestShape.ts
node app.js
编译时,它将生成以下JavaScript代码(app.js)。
//Generated by typescript 1.8.10
///
var Drawing;
(function (Drawing) {
var Circle = (function () {
function Circle() {
}
Circle.prototype.draw = function () {
console.log("Cirlce is drawn");
};
return Circle;
}());
Drawing.Circle = Circle;
})(Drawing || (Drawing = {}));
///
var Drawing;
(function (Drawing) {
var Triangle = (function () {
function Triangle() {
}
Triangle.prototype.draw = function () {
console.log("Triangle is drawn");
};
return Triangle;
}());
Drawing.Triangle = Triangle;
})(Drawing || (Drawing = {}));
///
///
///
function drawAllShapes(shape) {
shape.draw();
}
drawAllShapes(new Drawing.Circle());
drawAllShapes(new Drawing.Triangle());
编译并执行上述代码后,将产生以下结果-
Circle is drawn
Triangle is drawn
您可以在另一个名称空间内定义一个名称空间,如下所示:
namespace namespace_name1 {
export namespace namespace_name2 {
export class class_name { }
}
}
您可以通过使用点(。)运算符来访问嵌套名称空间的成员,如下所示:
FileName : Invoice.ts
namespace tutorialPoint {
export namespace invoiceApp {
export class Invoice {
public calculateDiscount(price: number) {
return price * .40;
}
}
}
}
FileName: InvoiceTest.ts
///
var invoice = new tutorialPoint.invoiceApp.Invoice();
console.log(invoice.calculateDiscount(500));
上面的代码可以使用以下命令编译和执行-
tsc --out app.js InvoiceTest.ts
node app.js
编译时,它将生成以下JavaScript代码(app.js)。
//Generated by typescript 1.8.10
var tutorialPoint;
(function (tutorialPoint) {
var invoiceApp;
(function (invoiceApp) {
var Invoice = (function () {
function Invoice() {
}
Invoice.prototype.calculateDiscount = function (price) {
return price * .40;
};
return Invoice;
}());
invoiceApp.Invoice = Invoice;
})(invoiceApp = tutorialPoint.invoiceApp || (tutorialPoint.invoiceApp = {}));
})(tutorialPoint || (tutorialPoint = {}));
///
var invoice = new tutorialPoint.invoiceApp.Invoice();
console.log(invoice.calculateDiscount(500));
编译并执行上述代码后,将产生以下结果-
200