1. 软件：
软件，顾名思义，就是专门为客户或最终用户设计并在计算机系统上运行的任何程序或程序组中的一种软件系统或应用程序。
2. 数据：
数据，顾名思义，只是计算机处理或存储的事实、概念、信息或指令的表示，基本上是计算机处理的原材料。
软件和数据的区别：
| Software | Data |
|---|---|
| Software are programs or commands computer can execute. | Data is related to information that computer can interpret. |
| It is set of instructions that instruct computer to perform particular task. | It is collection of facts or measurements. |
| Features of software includes no wear out, usability, flexibility, easy to use, etc. | Features of data includes availability and accessibility, accuracy and precision, reliability and consistency, etc. |
| Types of software includes application software, system software, Open-source software, etc. | Types of data includes analytical data, atomic data, continuous data, discrete data, etc. |
| It is functionally active. | It is functionally passive. |
| Software are developed to perform specific task and provide tools. | Data are not developed to perform specific task and provides evidence. |
| Software’s are needed to input, process, output, store and control activities of information systems. | Data is needed to make decision and allows to measure effectiveness of given strategy. |
| Benefits of software includes improve sales and service, increase customers engagement, allows direct communication, etc. | Benefits of data includes make informed decision, improve peoples lives, give accurate result, find solutions to problems, etc. |
| Software is something that can be executed. | Data is something that cannot be executed. |
| It is fundamentally a logical construct. | It is fundamentally empirical observation. |