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📜  PythonNumPy.dot()和'*'操作的区别

📅  最后修改于: 2021-09-13 03:01:27             🧑  作者: Mango

在Python,如果我们有两个 numpy 数组,它们通常被称为向量。 ‘*’运算符和 numpy.dot() 对它们的作用不同。了解这一点很重要,尤其是在您处理数据科学或竞争性编程问题时。

‘*’运算符

‘*’ 操作对数组元素进行逐元素乘法。 a[i][j] 处的元素与 b[i][j] 相乘。这适用于数组的所有元素。
例子:

Let the two 2D array are v1 and v2:-
v1 = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
v2 = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]

Output:
[[1, 4]
[9, 16]]
From below picture it would be clear.

numpy.dot() 的工作

它进行普通矩阵乘法。在检查第一个数组的列数应等于第二个数组的行数的情况下,只检查 numpy.dot()函数,否则会显示错误。
例子:

Let the two 2D array are v1 and v2:-
v1=[[1, 2], [3, 4]]
v2=[[1, 2], [3, 4]]
Than numpy.dot(v1, v2)  gives output of :-
[[ 7 10]
 [15 22]]

示例 1:

Python3
import numpy as np
 
 
# vector v1 of dimension (2, 2)
v1 = np.array([[1, 2], [1, 2]])
 
# vector v2 of dimension (2, 2)
v2 = np.array([[1, 2], [1, 2]])
 
print("vector multiplication")
print(np.dot(v1, v2))
 
print("\nElementwise multiplication of two vector")
print(v1 * v2)


Python3
import numpy as np
 
 
v1 = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]])
 
v2 = np.array([[[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]]])
 
print("vector multiplication")
print(np.dot(v1, v2))
 
print("\nElementwise multiplication of two vector")
print(v1 * v2)


Output :
vector multiplication
[[3 6]
 [3 6]]

Elementwise multiplication of two vector
[[1 4]
 [1 4]]

示例 2:

蟒蛇3

import numpy as np
 
 
v1 = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]])
 
v2 = np.array([[[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]]])
 
print("vector multiplication")
print(np.dot(v1, v2))
 
print("\nElementwise multiplication of two vector")
print(v1 * v2)
Output :
vector multiplication
[[ 6 12 18]
 [ 6 12 18]
 [ 6 12 18]]

Elementwise multiplication of two vector
[[1 4 9]
 [1 4 9]
 [1 4 9]]