冯诺依曼和哈佛建筑的区别

冯诺依曼架构：
冯诺依曼体系结构是一种数字计算机体系结构，其设计基于存储程序计算机的概念，其中程序数据和指令数据存储在同一存储器中。这座建筑是由著名的数学家和物理学家约翰·冯·诺依曼于 1945 年设计的。

哈佛建筑：
哈佛体系结构是数字计算机体系结构，其设计基于这样的概念，即指令和数据具有独立的存储和独立的总线(信号路径)。它基本上是为了克服冯诺依曼架构的瓶颈而开发的。

冯诺依曼和哈佛建筑的区别：

VON NEUMANN ARCHITECTURE	HARVARD ARCHITECTURE
It is ancient computer architecture based on stored program computer concept.	It is modern computer architecture based on Harvard Mark I relay based model.
Same physical memory address is used for instructions and data.	Separate physical memory address is used for instructions and data.
There is common bus for data and instruction transfer.	Separate buses are used for transferring data and instruction.
Two clock cycles are required to execute single instruction.	An instruction is executed in a single cycle.
It is cheaper in cost.	It is costly than Von Neumann Architecture.
CPU can not access instructions and read/write at the same time.	CPU can access instructions and read/write at the same time.
It is used in personal computers and small computers.	It is used in micro controllers and signal processing.