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📜  Groovy-数字

📅  最后修改于: 2020-11-04 06:38:47             🧑  作者: Mango

在Groovy中，数字实际上表示为对象的数字，所有数字都是Integer类的实例。为了使对象执行某项操作，我们需要调用其类中声明的方法之一。

Groovy支持整数和浮点数。

  • 整数是不包含小数的值。
  • 浮点数是一个十进制值，其中包括一个十进制小数。

Groovy中的数字示例如下所示-

Integer x = 5; 
Float y = 1.25;

其中x是Integer类型， y是浮点型。

常规中将数字定义为对象的原因通常是因为需要对数字执行运算。在原始类型上提供类的概念称为包装器类。

默认情况下，Groovy中提供了以下包装器类。

包装类

包装类的对象包含或包装其各自的原始数据类型。将原始数据类型转换为对象的过程称为装箱，而编译器会注意这一点。将对象转换回其对应的原始类型的过程称为拆箱。

例

以下是装箱和拆箱的示例-

class Example { 
   static void main(String[] args) {
      Integer x = 5,y = 10,z = 0; 
        
      // The the values of 5,10 and 0 are boxed into Integer types 
      // The values of x and y are unboxed and the addition is performed 
      z = x+y; 
      println(z);
   }
}

上面程序的输出为15。在上面的示例中，首先将5、10和0的值分别装箱到Integer变量x，y和z中。然后，在执行x和y的加法运算时，会将值从其Integer类型中拆箱。

编号方法

由于Groovy中的数字表示为类，因此以下是可用方法的列表。

S.No. Methods & Description
1 xxxValue()

This method takes on the Number as the parameter and returns a primitive type based on the method which is invoked.
2 compareTo()

The compareTo method is to use compare one number against another. This is useful if you want to compare the value of numbers.
3 equals()

The method determines whether the Number object that invokes the method is equal to the object that is passed as argument.
4 valueOf()

The valueOf method returns the relevant Number Object holding the value of the argument passed.
5 toString()

The method is used to get a String object representing the value of the Number Object.
6 parseInt()

This method is used to get the primitive data type of a certain String. parseXxx() is a static method and can have one argument or two.
7 abs()

The method gives the absolute value of the argument. The argument can be int, float, long, double, short, byte.
8 ceil()

The method ceil gives the smallest integer that is greater than or equal to the argument.
9 floor()

The method floor gives the largest integer that is less than or equal to the argument.
10 rint()

The method rint returns the integer that is closest in value to the argument.
11 round()

The method round returns the closest long or int, as given by the methods return type.
12 min()

The method gives the smaller of the two arguments. The argument can be int, float, long, double.
13 max()

The method gives the maximum of the two arguments. The argument can be int, float, long, double.
14 exp()

The method returns the base of the natural logarithms, e, to the power of the argument.
15 log()

The method returns the natural logarithm of the argument.
16 pow()

The method returns the value of the first argument raised to the power of the second argument.
17 sqrt()

The method returns the square root of the argument.
18 sin()

The method returns the sine of the specified double value.
19 cos()

The method returns the cosine of the specified double value.
20 tan()

The method returns the tangent of the specified double value.
21 asin()

The method returns the arcsine of the specified double value.
22 acos()

The method returns the arccosine of the specified double value.
23 atan()

The method returns the arctangent of the specified double value.
24 atan2()

The method Converts rectangular coordinates (x, y) to polar coordinate (r, theta) and returns theta.
25 toDegrees()

The method converts the argument value to degrees.
26 radian()

The method converts the argument value to radians.
27 random()

The method is used to generate a random number between 0.0 and 1.0. The range is: 0.0 =< Math.random < 1.0. Different ranges can be achieved by using arithmetic.