使用Python进行图像字幕
图像字幕是深度学习领域的一个非常经典且具有挑战性的问题，我们使用其属性生成图像的文本描述，但我们不会在这里使用深度学习。在本文中，我们将简单地学习如何使用 PIL 简单地为图像添加字幕。
图像预处理是Python PIL 库提供的一个很棒的实用程序。我们不仅可以更改大小、模式、方向，还可以在图像上绘图，也可以在其上书写文字。
安装所需的库：
urllib
requests
PIL
glob
shutil首先要遵循的步骤 -
- 使用此链接下载
font.ttf文件（在运行代码之前）。 - 预先制作名称为“CaptionedImages”的文件夹，将存储输出的字幕图像。
下面是使用Python的逐步实现：
第1步：
# importing required libraries
import urllib
import requests
import os
# retrieving using image url
urllib.request.urlretrieve("https://i.ibb.co/xY4DJJ5/img1.jpg", "img1.jpg")
urllib.request.urlretrieve("https://i.ibb.co/Gnd1Y1L/img2.jpg", "img2.jpg")
urllib.request.urlretrieve("https://i.ibb.co/Z6JgS1L/img3.jpg", "img3.jpg")
print('Images downloaded')
# get current working directory path
path = os.getcwd()
captionarr = [
"This is the first caption",
"This is the second caption",
"This is the third caption"
]
第2步：
# importing necessary functions from PIL
from PIL import Image
from PIL import ImageFont
from PIL import ImageDraw
# print(os.getcwd())
# checking the file mime types if
# it is jpg, png or jpeg
def ext(file):
index = file.find(".jpg")
current_file = ""
current_file = file[index:]
return current_file
def ext2(file):
index = file.find(".jpeg")
current_file = ""
current_file = file[index:]
return current_file
def ext3(file):
index = file.find(".png")
current_file = ""
current_file = file[index:]
return current_file
# converting text from lowercase to uppercase
def convert(words):
s = ""
for word in words:
s += word.upper()
return s
caption_first = convert(captionarr[0])
caption_second = convert(captionarr[1])
caption_third = convert(captionarr[2])
print(caption_first)
print(caption_second)
print(caption_third)
count = 0
for f in os.listdir('.'):
try:
# Checking for file types if jpg, png
# or jpeg excluding other files
if (ext(f) == '.jpg' or ext2(f) == '.jpeg' or ext3(f) == '.png'):
img = Image.open(f)
width, height = img.size
basewidth = 1200
# print(height)
# Resizinng images to same width height
wpercent = (basewidth / float(img.size[0]))
hsize = int((float(img.size[1])*float(wpercent)))
img = img.resize((basewidth, hsize), Image.ANTIALIAS)
new_width, new_height = img.size
# print(new_height)
# changing image mode if not in RGB
if not img.mode == 'RGB':
img = img.convert('RGB')
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
# font = ImageFont.truetype(, )
# initializing which font will be chosen by us
font = ImageFont.truetype("Arial Bold.ttf", 35)
# First Caption on First image
if count == 0:
draw.text((new_width / 15 + 25, new_height - 100),
caption_first, (255, 0, 0), font = font,
align ="center")
# Second Caption on Second image
elif count == 1:
draw.text((new_width / 15 + 25, new_height - 100),
caption_second, (255, 0, 0), font = font,
align ="center")
# Third Caption on Third image
else:
draw.text(( new_width / 15 + 25, new_height - 100),
caption_third, (255, 0, 0), font = font,
align ="center")
img.save("CaptionedImges/{}".format(f))
print('done')
count = count + 1
except OSError:
pass
第 3 步：
根据上次修改时间对输出文件进行排序，以免它们按字母顺序或任何其他管理不善的顺序排列。
import os
import glob
import shutil
# changing directory to CaptionedImages
os.chdir(".\\CaptionedImges")
fnames = []
for file in os.listdir('.'):
# appending files in directory to the frames arr
fnames.append(file)
# sorting the files in frames array
# on the basis of last modified time
# reverse = True means ascending order sorting
fnames.sort(key = lambda x: os.stat(x).st_ctime, reverse = True)
输出： 
