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📜  Apache HttpClient-Cookies管理

📅  最后修改于: 2020-11-18 08:30:56             🧑  作者: Mango

Cookies是存储在客户端计算机上的文本文件，它们被保留以用于各种信息跟踪目的。

HttpClient提供对cookie的支持，您可以创建和管理cookie。

创建一个cookie

请按照下面给出的步骤使用HttpClient库创建cookie。

第1步-创建Cookiestore对象

CookieStore接口表示Cookie对象的抽象存储。您可以通过实例化BasicCookieStore类(此接口的默认实现)来创建cookie存储。

//Creating the CookieStore object
CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();

第2步-创建ClientCookie对象

除了cookie的功能外，ClientCookie还可在服务器中获取原始cookie。您可以通过实例化BasicClientCookie类来创建客户端cookie。对于此类的构造方法，您需要将要存储在该特定cookie中的键值对传递。

//Creating client cookie
BasicClientCookie clientCookie = new BasicClientCookie("name","Raju");

步骤3-为Cookie设置值

对于客户端cookie，您可以使用相应的方法设置/删除路径，值，版本，有效期，域，注释和属性。

Calendar myCal = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 9, 26);
Date expiryDate = myCal.getTime();
clientcookie.setExpiryDate(expiryDate);
clientcookie.setPath("/");
clientcookie.setSecure(true);
clientcookie.setValue("25");
clientcookie.setVersion(5);

第4步-将cookie添加到cookie存储

您可以使用BasicCookieStore类的addCookie()方法将cookie添加到cookie存储中。

将所需的cookie添加到Cookiestore中。

//Adding the created cookies to cookie store
cookiestore.addCookie(clientcookie);

例

以下示例演示如何创建cookie并将其添加到cookie存储。在这里，我们通过设置域和路径值创建了一个cookie存储区，一堆cookie，并将它们添加到cookie存储区中。

import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore;
import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BasicClientCookie;

public class CookieHandlingExample {
   
   public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{
      
      //Creating the CookieStore object
      CookieStore cookiestore = new BasicCookieStore();
 
      //Creating client cookies
      BasicClientCookie clientcookie1 = new BasicClientCookie("name","Raju");
      BasicClientCookie clientcookie2 = new BasicClientCookie("age","28");
      BasicClientCookie clientcookie3 = new BasicClientCookie("place","Hyderabad");

      //Setting domains and paths to the created cookies
      clientcookie1.setDomain(".sample.com");
      clientcookie2.setDomain(".sample.com");
      clientcookie3.setDomain(".sample.com");

      clientcookie1.setPath("/");
      clientcookie2.setPath("/");
      clientcookie3.setPath("/");
 
      //Adding the created cookies to cookie store
      cookiestore.addCookie(clientcookie1);
      cookiestore.addCookie(clientcookie2);
      cookiestore.addCookie(clientcookie3);
   }
}

检索cookie

您可以使用asicCookieStore类的getCookies()方法将cookie添加到cookie存储中。此方法返回一个列表，其中包含cookie存储区中的所有cookie。

您可以使用Iterator打印cookie存储的内容，如下所示-

//Retrieving the cookies
List list = cookieStore.getCookies();

//Creating an iterator to the obtained list
Iterator it = list.iterator();
while(it.hasNext()) {
   System.out.println(it.next());
}

例

以下示例演示了如何从Cookie存储中检索Cookie。在这里，我们将一堆cookie添加到cookie存储中并取回它们。

import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore;
import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BasicClientCookie;

public class CookieHandlingExample {
 
   public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{
      
      //Creating the CookieStore object
      CookieStore cookiestore = new BasicCookieStore();
      
      //Creating client cookies
      BasicClientCookie clientcookie1 = new BasicClientCookie("name","Raju");
      BasicClientCookie clientcookie2 = new BasicClientCookie("age","28");
      BasicClientCookie clientcookie3 = new BasicClientCookie("place","Hyderabad");

      //Setting domains and paths to the created cookies
      clientcookie1.setDomain(".sample.com");
      clientcookie2.setDomain(".sample.com");
      clientcookie3.setDomain(".sample.com");

      clientcookie1.setPath("/");
      clientcookie2.setPath("/");
      clientcookie3.setPath("/");
 
      //Adding the created cookies to cookie store
      cookiestore.addCookie(clientcookie1);
      cookiestore.addCookie(clientcookie2);
      cookiestore.addCookie(clientcookie3);
   }
}

输出

在执行时，该程序生成以下输出-

[version: 0][name: age][value: 28][domain: .sample.com][path: /][expiry: null]
[version: 0][name: name][value: Raju][domain: my.example.com][path: /][expiry:
null]
[version: 0][name: place][value: Hyderabad][domain: .sample.com][path:
/][expiry: null]