📅  最后修改于: 2020-11-19 08:54:02             🧑  作者: Mango
过程是一组语句,它们在被调用时一起执行任务。执行过程后,控件返回到调用该过程的语句。 VB.Net有两种类型的程序-
功能
子程序或子程序
函数返回值,而Subs不返回值。
该功能的语句用来声明的名称,参数和函数体。 Function语句的语法是-
[Modifiers] Function FunctionName [(ParameterList)] As ReturnType
[Statements]
End Function
哪里,
修饰语-指定函数的访问级别;可能的值包括:“公共”,“私有”,“受保护”,“朋友”,“受保护的朋友”以及有关重载,覆盖,共享和阴影的信息。
FunctionName -表示该函数的名称
ParameterList-指定参数列表
ReturnType-指定函数返回的变量的数据类型
以下代码段显示了一个函数FindMax ,该函数采用两个整数值并返回两个中较大的一个。
Function FindMax(ByVal num1 As Integer, ByVal num2 As Integer) As Integer
' local variable declaration */
Dim result As Integer
If (num1 > num2) Then
result = num1
Else
result = num2
End If
FindMax = result
End Function
在VB.Net中,函数可以通过两种方式将值返回到调用代码-
通过使用return语句
通过将值分配给函数名称
以下示例演示如何使用FindMax函数-
Module myfunctions
Function FindMax(ByVal num1 As Integer, ByVal num2 As Integer) As Integer
' local variable declaration */
Dim result As Integer
If (num1 > num2) Then
result = num1
Else
result = num2
End If
FindMax = result
End Function
Sub Main()
Dim a As Integer = 100
Dim b As Integer = 200
Dim res As Integer
res = FindMax(a, b)
Console.WriteLine("Max value is : {0}", res)
Console.ReadLine()
End Sub
End Module
编译并执行上述代码后,将产生以下结果-
Max value is : 200
一个函数可以调用自己。这称为递归。以下是使用递归函数为给定数字计算阶乘的示例-
Module myfunctions
Function factorial(ByVal num As Integer) As Integer
' local variable declaration */
Dim result As Integer
If (num = 1) Then
Return 1
Else
result = factorial(num - 1) * num
Return result
End If
End Function
Sub Main()
'calling the factorial method
Console.WriteLine("Factorial of 6 is : {0}", factorial(6))
Console.WriteLine("Factorial of 7 is : {0}", factorial(7))
Console.WriteLine("Factorial of 8 is : {0}", factorial(8))
Console.ReadLine()
End Sub
End Module
编译并执行上述代码后,将产生以下结果-
Factorial of 6 is: 720
Factorial of 7 is: 5040
Factorial of 8 is: 40320
有时,在声明函数或子过程时,您不确定作为参数传递的参数数量。 VB.Net参数数组(或参数数组)在这些时候起作用。
以下示例演示了这一点-
Module myparamfunc
Function AddElements(ParamArray arr As Integer()) As Integer
Dim sum As Integer = 0
Dim i As Integer = 0
For Each i In arr
sum += i
Next i
Return sum
End Function
Sub Main()
Dim sum As Integer
sum = AddElements(512, 720, 250, 567, 889)
Console.WriteLine("The sum is: {0}", sum)
Console.ReadLine()
End Sub
End Module
编译并执行上述代码后,将产生以下结果-
The sum is: 2938
您可以在VB.Net中将数组作为函数参数传递。以下示例演示了这一点-
Module arrayParameter
Function getAverage(ByVal arr As Integer(), ByVal size As Integer) As Double
'local variables
Dim i As Integer
Dim avg As Double
Dim sum As Integer = 0
For i = 0 To size - 1
sum += arr(i)
Next i
avg = sum / size
Return avg
End Function
Sub Main()
' an int array with 5 elements '
Dim balance As Integer() = {1000, 2, 3, 17, 50}
Dim avg As Double
'pass pointer to the array as an argument
avg = getAverage(balance, 5)
' output the returned value '
Console.WriteLine("Average value is: {0} ", avg)
Console.ReadLine()
End Sub
End Module
编译并执行上述代码后,将产生以下结果-
Average value is: 214.4