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📜  单元测试框架-跳过测试

📅  最后修改于: 2020-12-03 05:28:48             🧑  作者: Mango

自Python 2.7起增加了对跳过测试的支持。可以有条件地或无条件地跳过单个测试方法或TestCase类。该框架允许将某个测试标记为“预期失败”。该测试将“失败”，但在TestResult中不会被视为失败。

要无条件地跳过方法，可以使用以下unittest.skip()类方法-

import unittest

   def add(x,y):
      return x+y

class SimpleTest(unittest.TestCase):
   @unittest.skip("demonstrating skipping")
   def testadd1(self):
      self.assertEquals(add(4,5),9)

if __name__ == '__main__':
   unittest.main()

由于skip()是一个类方法，因此以@标记为前缀。该方法有一个参数：描述跳过原因的日志消息。

执行以上脚本后，控制台上将显示以下结果：

C:\Python27>python skiptest.py
s
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.000s

OK (skipped = 1)

字符“ s”表示已跳过测试。

跳过测试的替代语法是在test函数内部使用实例方法skipTest()。

def testadd2(self):
   self.skipTest("another method for skipping")
   self.assertTrue(add(4 + 5) == 10)

以下装饰器实现测试跳过和预期的失败-

S.No. Method & Description
1

unittest.skip(reason)

Unconditionally skip the decorated test. reason should describe why the test is being skipped.
2

unittest.skipIf(condition, reason)

Skip the decorated test if condition is true.
3

unittest.skipUnless(condition, reason)

Skip the decorated test unless condition is true.
4

unittest.expectedFailure()

Mark the test as an expected failure. If the test fails when run, the test is not counted as a failure.

以下示例演示了条件跳过和预期失败的用法。

现场演示
import unittest

class suiteTest(unittest.TestCase):
   a = 50
   b = 40
   
   def testadd(self):
      """Add"""
      result = self.a+self.b
      self.assertEqual(result,100)

   @unittest.skipIf(a>b, "Skip over this routine")
   def testsub(self):
      """sub"""
      result = self.a-self.b
      self.assertTrue(result == -10)
   
   @unittest.skipUnless(b == 0, "Skip over this routine")
   def testdiv(self):
      """div"""
      result = self.a/self.b
      self.assertTrue(result == 1)

   @unittest.expectedFailure
   def testmul(self):
      """mul"""
      result = self.a*self.b
      self.assertEqual(result == 0)

if __name__ == '__main__':
   unittest.main()

在上面的示例中，将跳过testsub()和testdiv()。在第一种情况下，a> b为真，而在第二种情况下，b == 0不为真。另一方面，testmul()已被标记为预期失败。

运行上面的脚本时，两个跳过的测试显示“ s”，并且预期的失败显示为“ x”。

C:\Python27>python skiptest.py
Fsxs
================================================================
FAIL: testadd (__main__.suiteTest)
Add
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "skiptest.py", line 9, in testadd
      self.assertEqual(result,100)
AssertionError: 90 != 100

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 4 tests in 0.000s

FAILED (failures = 1, skipped = 2, expected failures = 1)