📅 最后修改于: 2020-12-04 05:47:43 🧑 作者: Mango
要缩小质量保证，质量控制和测试之间的差异，大多数人会感到困惑。尽管它们在某种程度上是相互关联的，但可以将它们视为相同的活动，但是存在使它们与众不同的区别点。下表列出了区分QA，QC和测试的要点。
| Quality Assurance | Quality Control | Testing |
|---|---|---|
| QA includes activities that ensure the implementation of processes, procedures and standards in context to verification of developed software and intended requirements. | It includes activities that ensure the verification of a developed software with respect to documented (or not in some cases) requirements. | It includes activities that ensure the identification of bugs/error/defects in a software. |
| Focuses on processes and procedures rather than conducting actual testing on the system. | Focuses on actual testing by executing the software with an aim to identify bug/defect through implementation of procedures and process. | Focuses on actual testing. |
| Process-oriented activities. | Product-oriented activities. | Product-oriented activities. |
| Preventive activities. | It is a corrective process. | It is a preventive process. |
| It is a subset of Software Test Life Cycle (STLC). | QC can be considered as the subset of Quality Assurance. | Testing is the subset of Quality Control. |
审核-这是一个系统的过程，用于确定组织或团队内部如何进行实际的测试过程。通常，它是对软件测试期间涉及的过程的独立检查。根据IEEE，这是对组织实施和遵循的书面流程的审查。审核类型包括法律合规审核，内部审核和系统审核。
检查-这是一种正式技术，涉及通过识别任何错误或差距来对任何工件进行正式或非正式的技术审查。根据IEEE94，检查是一种正式的评估技术，其中除作者以外的其他人员或人员对软件需求，设计或代码进行详细检查，以检测故障，违反开发标准的行为和其他问题。
正式的检查会议可以包括以下过程：计划，概述准备，检查会议，返工和跟进。
测试-它涉及在不纠正软件的情况下识别软件中的错误/错误/缺陷。通常，具有质量保证背景的专业人员会参与错误识别。在测试阶段执行测试。
调试-它涉及识别，隔离和修复问题/错误。对软件进行编码的开发人员在遇到代码错误时进行调试。调试是白盒测试或单元测试的一部分。调试可以在进行单元测试的开发阶段执行，也可以在修复所报告的错误的阶段进行调试。