📅  最后修改于: 2020-12-18 09:46:38             🧑  作者: Mango
区块链是将信息存储在称为块的数据结构中的数据库或分类帐。它基于分布式分类帐技术,该技术可在彼此不信任数据的各方之间使用。这是因为当您将任何东西添加到区块链上时,它都需要网络上所有其他可用用户的验证。
区块链将信息永久保存在大小统一的区块中,其中每个区块都存储前一个区块的哈希信息以提供加密安全性。区块链哈希使用SHA256哈希算法,这是一种单向哈希函数。散列的信息是来自先前块的数据和数字签名。追溯到区块链中产生的第一个区块的先前区块的哈希被称为创世区块。区块链数据结构采用Merkle树的形式,它被用作验证数据的有效方法。
区块链的优势
由于以下原因,区块链技术变得流行。
数据库是一种中央分类帐,管理员可以在其中管理所有内容。在这里,管理员授予读取,写入,更新或删除操作的权限。由于本质上是集中式的,因此维护简单,产量高。但是它也有一个缺点,当损坏时,它可能会破坏整个数据,甚至可能更改数字记录的所有权。
数据库使用客户端-服务器网络体系结构。在此,数据库管理员有权更改数据及其结构的任何部分。
数据库优势
由于以下原因,数据库已变得流行。
我们可以在下表中看到区块链和数据库之间的区别。
SN | Blockchain | Database |
---|---|---|
1. | Blockchain is decentralized because there is no admin or in-charge. | The database is centralized because it has admins and in-charge. |
2. | Blockchain is permissionless because anyone can access it. | The database required permission because it can be accessed only by entities who have rights to access. |
3. | Blockchains are slow. | Databases are fast. |
4. | It has a history of records and ownership of digital records. | It has no history of records and ownership of records. |
5. | Blockchain is fully confidential. | The database is not fully confidential. |
6. | Blockchain has only Insert operation. | The database has Create, Read, Update, and Delete operation. |
7. | It is a fully robust technology. | It is not entirely robust technology. |
8. | Disintermediation is allowed with blockchain. | Disintermediation is not allowed with the database. |
9. | Anyone with the right proof of work can write on the blockchain. | Only entities entitled to read or write can do so. |
10. | Blockchain is not recursive. Here, we cannot go back to repeat a task on any record. | The database is recursive. Here, we can go back to repeat a task on a particular record. |