Django CRUD应用程序

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📜 Django CRUD应用程序

📅 最后修改于: 2020-12-31 00:55:34 🧑 作者: Mango

Django CRUD(创建读取更新删除)示例

要创建执行CRUD操作的Django应用程序，请执行以下步骤。

1.创建一个项目

$ django-admin startproject crudexample

2.创建一个应用

$ python3 manage.py startapp employee

3.项目结构

最初，我们的项目如下所示：

4.数据库设置

在mysql中创建数据库djangodb ，并配置到django项目的settings.py文件中。参见示例。

// settings.py

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'djangodb',
        'USER':'root',
        'PASSWORD':'mysql',
        'HOST':'localhost',
        'PORT':'3306'
    }
}

5.建立模型

将以下代码放入models.py文件中。

// models.py

from django.db import models
class Employee(models.Model):
    eid = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    ename = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    eemail = models.EmailField()
    econtact = models.CharField(max_length=15)
    class Meta:
        db_table = "employee"

6.创建一个ModelForm

//forms.py

from django import forms
from employee.models import Employee
class EmployeeForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Employee
        fields = "__all__"

7.创建视图功能

// views.py

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from employee.forms import EmployeeForm
from employee.models import Employee
# Create your views here.
def emp(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        form = EmployeeForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            try:
                form.save()
                return redirect('/show')
            except:
                pass
    else:
        form = EmployeeForm()
    return render(request,'index.html',{'form':form})
def show(request):
    employees = Employee.objects.all()
    return render(request,"show.html",{'employees':employees})
def edit(request, id):
    employee = Employee.objects.get(id=id)
    return render(request,'edit.html', {'employee':employee})
def update(request, id):
    employee = Employee.objects.get(id=id)
    form = EmployeeForm(request.POST, instance = employee)
    if form.is_valid():
        form.save()
        return redirect("/show")
    return render(request, 'edit.html', {'employee': employee})
def destroy(request, id):
    employee = Employee.objects.get(id=id)
    employee.delete()
    return redirect("/show")

8.提供路由

提供URL模式以使用视图函数进行映射。

// urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from employee import views
urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('emp', views.emp),
    path('show',views.show),
    path('edit/', views.edit),
    path('update/', views.update),
    path('delete/', views.destroy),
]

9.组织模板

在员工应用程序内创建一个模板文件夹，并在目录内创建三个(索引，编辑，显示)html文件。每个代码如下。

// index.html




    
    Index
    {% load staticfiles %}
    



        {% csrf_token %}
    


    
    
    
    Enter Details
    
  
    
    Employee Id:
    
      {{ form.eid }}
    
  
  
    Employee Name:
    
      {{ form.ename }}
    
  
    
    Employee Email:
    
      {{ form.eemail }}
    
  
    
    Employee Contact:
    
      {{ form.econtact }}

// show.html




    
    Employee Records
     {% load staticfiles %}
    



{% for employee in employees %}
    
{% endfor %}
    
    
    
        Employee ID
        Employee Name
        Employee Email
        Employee Contact
        Actions
    
    
    
        {{ employee.eid }}
        {{ employee.ename }}
        {{ employee.eemail }}
        {{ employee.econtact }}
        
            Edit
            Delete
        
    





Add New Record

Employee ID	Employee Name	Employee Email	Employee Contact	Actions
{{ employee.eid }}	{{ employee.ename }}	{{ employee.eemail }}	{{ employee.econtact }}	Edit Delete

// edit.html




    
    Index
    {% load staticfiles %}
    



        {% csrf_token %}
    


    
    
    
    Update Details
    
  
    
    Employee Id:
    
        
    
  
  
    Employee Name:
    
        
    
  
    
    Employee Email:
    
        
    
  
    
    Employee Contact:

10.静态文件处理

在员工应用中创建一个static / css文件夹，然后在其中放置一个CSS。单击此处下载css文件。

11.项目结构

12.创建迁移

使用以下命令为创建的模型雇员创建迁移。

$ python3 manage.py makemigrations

迁移后，再执行一条命令以反映向数据库的迁移。但在此之前，请在settings.py文件的INSTALLED_APPS中提及应用程序(员工)的名称。

// settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'employee'
]

运行命令以迁移迁移。