if expression
    Statements
    if expression
        Statements
    else
        Statements
    end
elseif expression
    Statements
    if expression
        Statements
    end
else 
    Statements
end

% nested if-elseif-else program
num = randi(100,1);
a = input('enter a number greater than 1 and less than 10 : ')
disp(['the random number is : ', num2str(num)])
if a <= 1 || a >= 10
    disp('please try again & enter the number in between 1 & 10')
elseif rem(num,a) == 0
        if rem(num,2) == 0
            if rem(a,2) == 0
                disp('you entered an even number, and the random number is also even')
            else
                disp('random number is even and divisible by the entered number')
            end
        else
            disp('random number is odd but divisible by the entered number')
        end
elseif num < a
    disp('random number is smaller than the  entered number, please try again ')
else
    disp('random number is not divisible by the entered number')
end

enter a number greater than 1 and less than 10: 9
a = 9
the random number is: 14
the random number is not divisible by the entered number

% create a random number, max. 100, and a scalar
a = randi(100,1)
% use quorem function(takes symbolic variables as arguments) to get quotient & remainder
[Q,R] = quorem(sym(a),sym(2))
if R == 0
    
    if rem(Q,2) == 0
         disp('random number-even')
        disp('result-even')
       
    else
        disp('random number-even')
        disp('result-odd')
    end
else
    if rem(Q,2) == 0
         disp('random number-odd')
        disp('result-even')
       
    else
        disp('random number-odd')
        disp('result-odd')
    end
end