GUI(图形用户界面)比程序更能帮助您理解。在本文中,我们将使用JavaScript可视化线性搜索。我们将看到如何在线性搜索中遍历元素,直到找到给定的元素。我们还将可视化线性搜索的时间复杂度。
参考:
- 线性搜寻
- JavaScript中的异步函数
方法:
- 首先,我们将使用Math.random()函数生成一个随机数组。
- 不同的颜色用于指示当前时间正在遍历哪个元素。
- 由于该算法执行操作非常快,因此已使用setTimeout()函数来减慢该过程。
- 可以通过按“ Ctrl + R”键来生成新数组。
- 使用LinearSearch()函数执行搜索。
例子:
下面是可视化线性搜索算法的程序。
index.html
Linear Search
style.css
* {
margin: 0px;
padding: 0px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.header {
font-size: 35px;
text-align: center;
}
#array {
background-color: white;
height: 305px;
width: 598px;
margin: auto;
position: relative;
margin-top: 64px;
}
.block {
width: 28px;
background-color: #6b5b95;
position: absolute;
bottom: 0px;
transition: 0.2s all ease;
}
.block_id {
position: absolute;
color: black;
margin-top: -20px;
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
}
script.js
var container = document.getElementById("array");
// Function to generate the array of blocks
function generatearray() {
for (var i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
// Return a value from 1 to 100 (both inclusive)
var value = Math.ceil(Math.random() * 100);
// Creating element div
var array_ele = document.createElement("div");
// Adding class 'block' to div
array_ele.classList.add("block");
// Adding style to div
array_ele.style.height = `${value * 3}px`;
array_ele.style.transform = `translate(${i * 30}px)`;
// Creating label element for displaying
// size of particular block
var array_ele_label = document.createElement("label");
array_ele_label.classList.add("block_id");
array_ele_label.innerText = value;
// Appending created elements to index.html
array_ele.appendChild(array_ele_label);
container.appendChild(array_ele);
}
}
// Asynchronous LinearSearch function
async function LinearSearch(delay = 300) {
var blocks = document.querySelectorAll(".block");
var output = document.getElementById("text");
//Extracting the value entered by the user
var num = document.getElementById("fname").value;
//Changing the color of all the blocks to voilet
for (var i = 0; i < blocks.length; i += 1) {
blocks[i].style.backgroundColor = "#6b5b95";
}
output.innerText = "";
var flag = 0;
// LinearSearch Algorithum
for (var i = 0; i < blocks.length; i += 1) {
//Changing the color of current block to red
blocks[i].style.backgroundColor = "#FF4949";
// To wait for .1 sec
await new Promise((resolve) =>
setTimeout(() => {
resolve();
}, delay)
);
//Extracting the value of current block
var value = Number(blocks[i].childNodes[0].innerHTML);
// To compare block value with entered value
if (value == num) {
flag = 1;
output.innerText = "Element Found";
blocks[i].style.backgroundColor = "#13CE66";
break;
} else {
// Changing the color to the previous one
blocks[i].style.backgroundColor = "#6b5b95";
}
}
//When element is not found in the array
if (flag == 0) {
output.innerText = "Element Not Found";
}
}
// Calling generatearray function
generatearray();
style.css
* {
margin: 0px;
padding: 0px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.header {
font-size: 35px;
text-align: center;
}
#array {
background-color: white;
height: 305px;
width: 598px;
margin: auto;
position: relative;
margin-top: 64px;
}
.block {
width: 28px;
background-color: #6b5b95;
position: absolute;
bottom: 0px;
transition: 0.2s all ease;
}
.block_id {
position: absolute;
color: black;
margin-top: -20px;
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
}
script.js
var container = document.getElementById("array");
// Function to generate the array of blocks
function generatearray() {
for (var i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
// Return a value from 1 to 100 (both inclusive)
var value = Math.ceil(Math.random() * 100);
// Creating element div
var array_ele = document.createElement("div");
// Adding class 'block' to div
array_ele.classList.add("block");
// Adding style to div
array_ele.style.height = `${value * 3}px`;
array_ele.style.transform = `translate(${i * 30}px)`;
// Creating label element for displaying
// size of particular block
var array_ele_label = document.createElement("label");
array_ele_label.classList.add("block_id");
array_ele_label.innerText = value;
// Appending created elements to index.html
array_ele.appendChild(array_ele_label);
container.appendChild(array_ele);
}
}
// Asynchronous LinearSearch function
async function LinearSearch(delay = 300) {
var blocks = document.querySelectorAll(".block");
var output = document.getElementById("text");
//Extracting the value entered by the user
var num = document.getElementById("fname").value;
//Changing the color of all the blocks to voilet
for (var i = 0; i < blocks.length; i += 1) {
blocks[i].style.backgroundColor = "#6b5b95";
}
output.innerText = "";
var flag = 0;
// LinearSearch Algorithum
for (var i = 0; i < blocks.length; i += 1) {
//Changing the color of current block to red
blocks[i].style.backgroundColor = "#FF4949";
// To wait for .1 sec
await new Promise((resolve) =>
setTimeout(() => {
resolve();
}, delay)
);
//Extracting the value of current block
var value = Number(blocks[i].childNodes[0].innerHTML);
// To compare block value with entered value
if (value == num) {
flag = 1;
output.innerText = "Element Found";
blocks[i].style.backgroundColor = "#13CE66";
break;
} else {
// Changing the color to the previous one
blocks[i].style.backgroundColor = "#6b5b95";
}
}
//When element is not found in the array
if (flag == 0) {
output.innerText = "Element Not Found";
}
}
// Calling generatearray function
generatearray();
输出: