// Inner where, with default `required: true`
await User.findAll({
  include: {
    model: Tool,
    as: 'Instruments',
    where: {
      size: { [Op.ne]: 'small' }
    }
  }
});

// Inner where, `required: false`
await User.findAll({
  include: {
    model: Tool,
    as: 'Instruments',
    where: {
      size: { [Op.ne]: 'small' }
    },
    required: false
  }
});

// Top-level where, with default `required: false`
await User.findAll({
  where: {
    '$Instruments.size$': { [Op.ne]: 'small' }
  },
  include: {
    model: Tool,
    as: 'Instruments'
  }
});

// Top-level where, `required: true`
await User.findAll({
  where: {
    '$Instruments.size$': { [Op.ne]: 'small' }
  },
  include: {
    model: Tool,
    as: 'Instruments',
    required: true
  }
});