Scala 中的数据类型

数据类型是数据的分类，它告诉编译器变量具有哪种类型的值。例如，如果变量具有 int 数据类型，则它保存数值。在 Scala 中，数据类型在长度和存储方面与Java相似。在 Scala 中，数据类型被视为相同的对象，因此数据类型的第一个字母是大写字母。
Scala 中可用的数据类型如下表所示：

DataType	Default value	Description
Boolean	False	True or False
Byte	0	8 bit signed value. Range:-128 to 127
Short	0	16 bit signed value. Range:-215 to 215-1
Char	‘\u000’	16 bit unsigned unicode character. Range:0 to 216-1
Int	0	32 bit signed value. Range:-231 to 231-1
Long	0L	64 bit signed value. Range:-263 to 263-1
Float	0.0F	32 bit IEEE 754 single-Precision float
Double	0.0D	64 bit IEEE 754 double-Precision float
String	null	A sequence of character	Unit	–	Coinsides to no value.	Nothing	–	It is a subtype of every other type and it contains no value.	Any	–	It is a supertype of all other types	AnyVal	–	It serve as value types.	AnyRef	–	It serves as reference types.

注意： Scala 不像Java中那样包含原始类型的概念。

例如：

// Scala program to illustrate Datatypes
object Test
{
def main(args: Array[String]) 
{
    var a: Boolean = true
    var a1: Byte = 126
    var a2: Float = 2.45673f
    var a3: Int = 3
    var a4: Short = 45
    var a5: Double = 2.93846523
    var a6: Char = 'A'
    if (a == true) 
    {
    println("boolean:geeksforgeeks")
    }
    println("byte:" + a1)
    println("float:" + a2)
    println("integer:" + a3)
    println("short:" + a4)
    println("double:" + a5)
    println("char:" + a6)
}
}

输出：

boolean:geeksforgeeks
byte:126
float:2.45673
integer:3
short:45
double:2.93846523
char:A

字面量中的文字：这里我们将讨论 Scala 中使用的不同类型的字面量。

• Integral 字面量：这些通常是 int 类型或 long 类型（使用“L”或“I”后缀）。一些合法的整数字面量是：
  

  02
  0
  40
  213
  0xFFFFFFFF
  0743L

• Floating-point Literals: These are of float type(“f” or”F” suffix used ) and of double type.
  

  0.7
  1e60f
  3.12154f
  1.0e100
  .3

• Boolean Literals: These are of Boolean type and it contains only true and false.
• Symbol Literals: In Scala, symbol is a case class. In symbol literal, a’Y’ is identical to scala.Symbol(“Y”).
  

  package scala
  final case class Symbol private (name: String) {
  override def toString: String = “‘” + name
  }

• Character Literals: In Scala, character literal is a single character that is encircled between single quotes.There characters are printable unicode character and also described by the escape character. Few valid literals are shown below:
  

  ‘\b’
  ‘a’
  ‘\r’
  ‘\u0027’

• String Literals: In Scala, string literals are the sequence of character that are enclosed between double quotes. Some valid literals as shown below:
  

  “welcome to \n geeksforgeeks”
  “\\This is the tutorial of Scala\\”

• Null Values: In Scala, null value is of scale.Null type, that’s the way it is adaptable with every reference type. It is indicated as a reference value which refers to a special “null” object.
• Multi-line Literals: In Scala, multi-line literals are the sequence of characters that are encircled in between triple quotes. In this new line and other control characters are valid. Some valid multi-line literals shown below:
  

  “””welcome to geeksforgeeks\n
  this is the tutorial of \n
  scala programing language”””