📜  在 R 编程中向绘图添加直线 - abline()函数

📅  最后修改于: 2022-05-13 01:54:46.739000             🧑  作者: Mango

在 R 编程中向绘图添加直线 - abline()函数

R 语言中的abline()函数用于在图形中添加一条或多条直线。 abline()函数可用于添加垂直线、水平线或回归线以进行绘图。

示例 1:在绘图中添加垂直线

# add line to square plot 
# first example : Add one line
plot(cars)
abline(v = 16, col = "darkgreen")
  
# second example : add 2 lines 
# addline to square plot 
# change line colors, sizes and types
plot(cars)
abline(v = c(16, 22), col = c("darkgreen", "blue"),
                      lty = c(1, 2), lwd = c(1, 3))
  
# third example
set.seed(1200); mydata<-rnorm(180)
hist(mydata, col="darkgreen")
  
# lwd=line width, lty =linetype 
abline(v = mean(mydata), col = "blue", lwd = 4, lty = 4) 

输出:

在这里,在上面的示例中,使用 abline() 将直线添加到不同的图形图中

示例 2:添加水平线

# R program to add a horizontal line
# to a plot
  
# Creating a plot
plot(cars)
  
# Calling abline() function
abline(h = 60, col = "darkgreen")

输出:

在上面的示例abline()函数在当前绘图上的指定 'x' 坐标处绘制一条水平线。

示例 3:添加回归线

par(mgp = c(2, 1, 0), mar = c(3, 3, 1, 1))
  
# Fit regression line
require(stats)
reg<-lm(dist ~ speed, data = cars)
coeff = coefficients(reg)
  
# equation of the line : 
eq = paste0("y = ", round(coeff[1], 1), "*x ", 
                    round(coeff[2], 1))
  
# plot
plot(cars, main = eq)
abline(reg, col = "darkgreen")

输出:

在上面的示例中,使用直线方程和abline()函数添加了直线,并绘制了速度和距离之间的关系。