人体分解反应

化学反应是一种称为反应物的物质在一定条件下转化为产物的过程。该反应通过破坏物质之间预先存在的键并通过一些化学变化产生新键而发生。该过程涉及物质中原子的重新排列和新物质的形成。化学反应在一定量的能量施加到反应物的测量条件下发生。反应所依赖的条件可以是温度、压力、光、催化剂等。

化学反应的类型

化学反应有五种基本类型，如下所示：

• 组合反应：在组合反应中，通过两种或多种反应物的组合形成单一产物。

2Mg + O ₂ ⇢ 2MgO

• 分解反应：在分解反应中，单一反应物分解形成两种或更简单的产物。

2Pb(NO ₃ ) ₂ ⇢ 2PbO + 4NO ₂ + O ₂

• 单置换反应：在单置换反应中，化合物的一种元素被其他元素取代。

锌 + CuSO ₄ ⇢ ZnSO ₄ + 铜

• 双置换反应：在双置换反应中，化合物或反应物之间发生离子交换。

AgNO ₃ + NaCl ⇢ AgCl + NaNO ₃

• 氧化还原反应：在氧化还原反应中，氧化和还原反应同时发生。

CuO+ H ₂ ⇢ Cu + H ₂ O

什么是分解反应？

分解反应是分子或反应物分解成更简单产物的化学过程。分解过程需要热量，因此也称为热分解反应。它们分解产品所需的能量可以是热、光、电的形式。

电解过程是分解反应的一个很好的例子。该反应通过通电分解分子而发生。

H ₂ O ⇢ 2H ₂ + O ₂

Decomposition Reaction in our body

A chemical reaction is a process of changing one substance into another. Living bodies also depend on these reactions for proper functioning, nutrients gaining, digestion, growth, etc. When we see the functioning of our body everything depends on chemical reactions. Digestion is the process of breaking down molecules or food into simpler forms. The salivary glands secret a special chemical substance called enzyme which helps in the breakdown. The starch of food decomposes into glucose in the body.

The reactant or organic food item consisting of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins is broken down into simpler products, and energy is also released. These products are carried throughout the body through the bloodstream for the functioning of the body.

Glucose + Oxygen ⇢ Carbon dioxide + Water + Heat

or

C₆H₁₂O₆ (aq₎ + 6O₂ (g) ⇢ 6CO₂ (g) + 6H₂O (l) + Heat

Similarly, proteins are decomposed into simpler forms called amino acids which promote growth. Proteins are broken down into amino acids through hydrolysis. The amino acids are produced to dissolve in blood and are carried out throughout the tissues of the body.

示例问题

问题一：人体主要的化学反应有哪些？

回答：

Synthesis, decomposition, and exchange are the three major types of chemical reactions in the human body.

问题2：分解反应的三种类型是什么？

回答：

The three types of decomposition reactions:

• Thermal decomposition reaction.
• Electrolytic decomposition reaction.
• Photo decomposition reaction.

问题3：光分解反应的例子有哪些？

回答：

Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and silver chloride are examples of photodecomposition reactions.

Hydrogen peroxide is decomposed in water and oxygen under the presence of sunlight. And silver chloride crystals turn grey in the presence of sunlight.

问题 4：举一些分解反应的例子。

回答：

Digestion of food.

Decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen.

Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.

问题5：电解分解反应是什么？

回答：

Electrolytic decomposition is the reaction in which a single reactant is broken down into two or more products by the passing of electricity.