Python程序生成一次性密码（OTP）

一次性密码 (OTP) 是一种仅对计算机或数字设备中的一次登录会话或交易有效的密码。现在，OTP 几乎用于所有服务，如网上银行、在线交易等。它们通常是 4 位或 6 位数字或 6 位字母数字的组合。

random()函数可用于生成随机库中预定义的随机 OTP。让我们看看如何使用Python生成 OTP。

Used Function:
random.random(): This function returns any random number between 0 to 1.
math.floor(): It returns floor of any floating number to a integer value.
Using the above function pick random index of string array which contains all the possible candidates of a particular digit of the OTP.

编程需要懂一点英语

示例 #1：生成 4 位数字 OTP

Python3

# import library
import math, random
 
# function to generate OTP
def generateOTP() :
 
    # Declare a digits variable 
    # which stores all digits
    digits = "0123456789"
    OTP = ""
 
   # length of password can be changed
   # by changing value in range
    for i in range(4) :
        OTP += digits[math.floor(random.random() * 10)]
 
    return OTP
 
# Driver code
if __name__ == "__main__" :
     
    print("OTP of 4 digits:", generateOTP())

Python3

# import library
import math, random
 
# function to generate OTP
def generateOTP() :
 
    # Declare a string variable 
    # which stores all string
    string = '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
    OTP = ""
    length = len(string)
    for i in range(6) :
        OTP += string[math.floor(random.random() * length)]
 
    return OTP
 
# Driver code
if __name__ == "__main__" :
     
    print("OTP of length 6:", generateOTP())

Python3

# Importing random to generate
# random string sequence
import random
    
# Importing string library function
import string
    
def rand_pass(size):
        
    # Takes random choices from
    # ascii_letters and digits
    generate_pass = ''.join([random.choice( string.ascii_uppercase +
                                            string.ascii_lowercase +
                                            string.digits)
                                            for n in range(size)])
                            
    return generate_pass
    
# Driver Code 
password = rand_pass(10)
print(password)

输出：

OTP of 4 digits: 3211

示例 #2：生成长度为 6 的字母数字 OTP

Python3

# import library
import math, random
 
# function to generate OTP
def generateOTP() :
 
    # Declare a string variable 
    # which stores all string
    string = '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
    OTP = ""
    length = len(string)
    for i in range(6) :
        OTP += string[math.floor(random.random() * length)]
 
    return OTP
 
# Driver code
if __name__ == "__main__" :
     
    print("OTP of length 6:", generateOTP())

输出：

OTP of length 6: pyelJl

示例 #3：使用字符串常量

Python3

# Importing random to generate
# random string sequence
import random
    
# Importing string library function
import string
    
def rand_pass(size):
        
    # Takes random choices from
    # ascii_letters and digits
    generate_pass = ''.join([random.choice( string.ascii_uppercase +
                                            string.ascii_lowercase +
                                            string.digits)
                                            for n in range(size)])
                            
    return generate_pass
    
# Driver Code 
password = rand_pass(10)
print(password)

输出：

2R8gaoDKqn