📜  BDD-有用的资源(1)

📅  最后修改于: 2023-12-03 15:13:38.520000             🧑  作者: Mango

BDD - 有用的资源

什么是 BDD?

BDD (Behavior Driven Development),行为驱动开发。

BDD 是一种敏捷软件开发过程,旨在改善软件开发的沟通,协作和软件质量。它强调软件开发人员,QA 和非技术人员之间的协作,以确保软件的行为与业务期望一致。

为什么要使用 BDD?

BDD 的好处如下:

  • 领域专家,开发人员和测试人员之间的沟通更清晰。
  • 测试人员可以更好地理解业务需求,从而更好地编写测试用例。
  • BDD 的场景描述非常接近自然语言,使得非技术人员也能够理解软件的行为。
  • 编写测试用例能够帮助发现系统设计和需求方面的问题,从而缩短开发周期。
  • BDD 能够带来更稳定,更可靠的软件。
有用的 BDD 资源

以下是一些有用的 BDD 资源。

1. Behave

Behave 是一个 Python 框架,它提供了一些特性,使得编写 BDD 测试变得更加容易。

安装:

pip install behave

示例:

Feature: Addition
  In order to avoid silly mistakes
  As a math idiot
  I want to be told the sum of two numbers

  Scenario: Add two numbers
    Given I have entered 50 into the calculator
    And I have entered 70 into the calculator
    When I press add
    Then the result should be 120 on the screen
from behave import given, when, then

@given('I have entered {number:d} into the calculator')
def step_impl(context, number):
    context.calculator = Calculator()
    context.calculator.push(number)

@when('I press add')
def step_impl(context):
    context.calculator.add()

@then('the result should be {result:d} on the screen')
def step_impl(context, result):
    assert context.calculator.value() == result
2. Cucumber

Cucumber 是一个基于 BDD 的工具,支持多种编程语言和平台。

安装:

gem install cucumber

示例:

Feature: Addition
  In order to avoid silly mistakes
  As a math idiot
  I want to be told the sum of two numbers

  Scenario: Add two numbers
    Given I have entered 50 into the calculator
    And I have entered 70 into the calculator
    When I press add
    Then the result should be 120 on the screen
Given("I have entered {int} into the calculator") do |number|
  @calculator = Calculator.new
  @calculator.push(number)
end

When("I press add") do
  @calculator.add
end

Then("the result should be {int} on the screen") do |result|
  expect(@calculator.value).to eq result
end
3. SpecFlow

SpecFlow 是一个基于 Cucumber 的 .NET 框架,支持多种 .NET 开发语言。

安装:

nuget install SpecFlow

示例:

Feature: Addition
  In order to avoid silly mistakes
  As a math idiot
  I want to be told the sum of two numbers

  Scenario: Add two numbers
    Given I have entered 50 into the calculator
    And I have entered 70 into the calculator
    When I press add
    Then the result should be 120 on the screen
[Binding]
public class AdditionSteps
{
    private readonly Calculator calculator = new Calculator();

    [Given(@"I have entered (.*) into the calculator")]
    public void GivenIHaveEnteredIntoTheCalculator(int number)
    {
        calculator.Push(number);
    }

    [When(@"I press add")]
    public void WhenIPressAdd()
    {
        calculator.Add();
    }

    [Then(@"the result should be (.*) on the screen")]
    public void ThenTheResultShouldBeOnTheScreen(int result)
    {
        Assert.AreEqual(calculator.Value(), result);
    }
}
4. Gherkin Linter

Gherkin Linter 是一个用于验证 Gherkin 文件语法的命令行工具。

安装:

npm install -g gherkin-lint

使用:

gherkin-lint my_feature.feature
结论

BDD 能够大大改善软件开发的沟通和协作,从而提高软件的质量和稳定性。使用 BDD 工具和框架能够更好地编写测试,并帮助发现需求和系统设计方面的问题。以上是一些常用的 BDD 工具和框架,希望对你有所帮助。