📅  最后修改于: 2023-12-03 15:02:53.964000             🧑  作者: Mango
在 MATLAB 中,可以使用各种排序算法对列表进行排序。这些算法包括冒泡排序、选择排序、插入排序、合并排序、快速排序等。
冒泡排序是一种简单的排序算法,重复地遍历要排序的列表,比较相邻的两个元素,如果顺序错误就将其交换。每一次遍历都会将最大的元素移动到列表的末尾。代码如下:
function [sortedList] = bubbleSort(unsortedList)
len = length(unsortedList);
for i = 1:len-1
for j = 1:len-i
if unsortedList(j) > unsortedList(j+1)
temp = unsortedList(j+1);
unsortedList(j+1) = unsortedList(j);
unsortedList(j) = temp;
end
end
end
sortedList = unsortedList;
end
选择排序是一种简单的排序算法,重复地从未排序的列表中选择最小的元素,将其放到已排序的列表的末尾。代码如下:
function [sortedList] = selectionSort(unsortedList)
len = length(unsortedList);
for i = 1:len-1
minIndex = i;
for j = i+1:len
if unsortedList(j) < unsortedList(minIndex)
minIndex = j;
end
end
if minIndex ~= i
temp = unsortedList(i);
unsortedList(i) = unsortedList(minIndex);
unsortedList(minIndex) = temp;
end
end
sortedList = unsortedList;
end
插入排序是一种简单的排序算法,将列表中的元素逐个插入到已排序的列表中的正确位置。代码如下:
function [sortedList] = insertionSort(unsortedList)
len = length(unsortedList);
for i = 2:len
j = i;
while j > 1 && unsortedList(j) < unsortedList(j-1)
temp = unsortedList(j-1);
unsortedList(j-1) = unsortedList(j);
unsortedList(j) = temp;
j = j-1;
end
end
sortedList = unsortedList;
end
合并排序是一种分而治之的排序算法,将已排序的两个子列表合并成一个已排序的列表。代码如下:
function [sortedList] = mergeSort(unsortedList)
len = length(unsortedList);
if len < 2
sortedList = unsortedList;
return
end
mid = floor(len / 2);
left = unsortedList(1:mid);
right = unsortedList(mid+1:len);
left = mergeSort(left);
right = mergeSort(right);
sortedList = merge(left, right);
end
function [result] = merge(left, right)
result = [];
while ~isempty(left) && ~isempty(right)
if left(1) < right(1)
result = [result, left(1)];
left = left(2:end);
else
result = [result, right(1)];
right = right(2:end);
end
end
if ~isempty(left)
result = [result, left];
else
result = [result, right];
end
end
快速排序是一种分而治之的排序算法,通过选取一个基准元素,将列表分为小于基准元素和大于基准元素两个子列表,然后递归地对这两个子列表进行排序。代码如下:
function [sortedList] = quickSort(unsortedList)
len = length(unsortedList);
if len < 2
sortedList = unsortedList;
return
end
pivot = unsortedList(1);
left = [];
right = [];
for i = 2:len
if unsortedList(i) < pivot
left = [left, unsortedList(i)];
else
right = [right, unsortedList(i)];
end
end
left = quickSort(left);
right = quickSort(right);
sortedList = [left, pivot, right];
end
以上是 MATLAB 中常用的排序算法,使用这些算法可以对列表进行排序。