Keras: AttributeError: module 'keras.backend' has no attribute 'set_image_dim_ordering'

When using the set_image_dim_ordering() function in the Keras library, you may encounter an AttributeError with the message 'module 'keras.backend' has no attribute 'set_image_dim_ordering''. This error is typically seen in older versions of Keras, as the function set_image_dim_ordering() has been deprecated and removed in newer versions.

In the earlier versions of Keras, you needed to set the image dimension ordering to either 'tf' (TensorFlow) or 'th' (Theano) using the set_image_dim_ordering() function. This function determined the ordering of dimensions in the input data when working with convolutional neural networks. However, in more recent versions of Keras, this functionality has been integrated directly into the TensorFlow backend.

To resolve this error, you should remove the usage of set_image_dim_ordering() and instead use the image_data_format() function from the keras.backend module.

Here's an example of how to update your code:

import keras.backend as K

# Deprecated code
K.set_image_dim_ordering('tf')

# Updated code
image_data_format = K.image_data_format()  # Retrieves the image data format

if image_data_format == 'channels_first':
    # Code for 'th' order
    # ...
else:
    # Code for 'tf' order
    # ...

By using the image_data_format() function, you will be able to determine the image data format used by your backend (TensorFlow or Theano) and handle data accordingly without encountering the AttributeError.