C++ 11中数组类的引入为C样式数组提供了更好的替代方法。数组类优于C样式数组的优点是：
- 数组类知道其自身的大小，而C风格的数组缺少此属性。因此，在传递给函数时，我们不需要将Array的大小作为单独的参数传递。
- 使用C样式数组时，数组被衰减为指针的风险更大。数组类不会衰减为指针
- 数组类通常比C型数组更有效，更轻量且更可靠。
数组上的操作：-
1. at() ：-此函数用于访问数组的元素。
2. get() ：-此函数还用于访问数组的元素。该函数不是数组类的成员，而是类元组的重载函数。
3. 运算符[] ：-这类似于C样式的数组。此方法也用于访问数组元素。
// C++ code to demonstrate working of array,
// to() and get()
#include
#include // for array, at()
#include // for get()
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// Initializing the array elements
array ar = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6};
// Printing array elements using at()
cout << "The array elements are (using at()) : ";
for ( int i=0; i<6; i++)
cout << ar.at(i) << " ";
cout << endl;
// Printing array elements using get()
cout << "The array elements are (using get()) : ";
cout << get<0>(ar) << " " << get<1>(ar) << " ";
cout << get<2>(ar) << " " << get<3>(ar) << " ";
cout << get<4>(ar) << " " << get<5>(ar) << " ";
cout << endl;
// Printing array elements using operator[]
cout << "The array elements are (using operator[]) : ";
for ( int i=0; i<6; i++)
cout << ar[i] << " ";
cout << endl;
return 0;
}
输出：
The array elemets are (using at()) : 1 2 3 4 5 6
The array elemets are (using get()) : 1 2 3 4 5 6
The array elements are (using operator[]) : 1 2 3 4 5 6
4. front() ：-这将返回数组的第一个元素。
5. back() ：-这将返回数组的最后一个元素。
// C++ code to demonstrate working of
// front() and back()
#include
#include // for front() and back()
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// Initializing the array elements
array ar = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6};
// Printing first element of array
cout << "First element of array is : ";
cout << ar.front() << endl;
// Printing last element of array
cout << "Last element of array is : ";
cout << ar.back() << endl;
return 0;
}
输出：
First element of array is : 1
Last element of array is : 6
6. size() ：-返回数组中元素的数量。这是C样式数组缺少的属性。
7. max_size() ：-它返回数组可以容纳的最大元素数，即声明数组的大小。 size()和max_size()返回相同的值。
// C++ code to demonstrate working of
// size() and max_size()
#include
#include // for size() and max_size()
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// Initializing the array elements
array ar = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6};
// Printing number of array elements
cout << "The number of array elements is : ";
cout << ar.size() << endl;
// Printing maximum elements array can hold
cout << "Maximum elements array can hold is : ";
cout << ar.max_size() << endl;
return 0;
}
输出：
The number of array elements is : 6
Maximum elements array can hold is : 6
8. swap() ：-swap()将一个数组的所有元素彼此交换。
// C++ code to demonstrate working of swap()
#include
#include // for swap() and array
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// Initializing 1st array
array ar = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6};
// Initializing 2nd array
array ar1 = {7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12};
// Printing 1st and 2nd array before swapping
cout << "The first array elements before swapping are : ";
for (int i=0; i<6; i++)
cout << ar[i] << " ";
cout << endl;
cout << "The second array elements before swapping are : ";
for (int i=0; i<6; i++)
cout << ar1[i] << " ";
cout << endl;
// Swapping ar1 values with ar
ar.swap(ar1);
// Printing 1st and 2nd array after swapping
cout << "The first array elements after swapping are : ";
for (int i=0; i<6; i++)
cout << ar[i] << " ";
cout << endl;
cout << "The second array elements after swapping are : ";
for (int i=0; i<6; i++)
cout << ar1[i] << " ";
cout << endl;
return 0;
}
输出：
The first array elements before swapping are : 1 2 3 4 5 6
The second array elements before swapping are : 7 8 9 10 11 12
The first array elements after swapping are : 7 8 9 10 11 12
The second array elements after swapping are : 1 2 3 4 5 6
9. empty() ：-当数组大小为零时，此函数返回true，否则返回false。
10. fill() ：-此函数用于用特定值填充整个数组。
// C++ code to demonstrate working of empty()
// and fill()
#include
#include // for fill() and empty()
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// Declaring 1st array
array ar;
// Declaring 2nd array
array ar1;
// Checking size of array if it is empty
ar1.empty()? cout << "Array empty":
cout << "Array not empty";
cout << endl;
// Filling array with 0
ar.fill(0);
// Displaying array after filling
cout << "Array after filling operation is : ";
for ( int i=0; i<6; i++)
cout << ar[i] << " ";
return 0;
}
输出：
Array empty
Array after filling operation is : 0 0 0 0 0 0
要从最佳影片策划和实践问题去学习，检查了C++基础课程为基础，以先进的C++和C++ STL课程基础加上STL。要完成从学习语言到DS Algo等的更多准备工作，请参阅“完整面试准备课程” 。