如何在C++中使用STL在两个Vector之间找到共同的元素？

给定两个向量，请在C++中使用STL查找这两个向量之间的公共元素。

例子：

Input:
vec1 = {1, 45, 54, 71, 76, 12},
vec2 = {1, 7, 5, 4, 6, 12}
Output: {1, 12}

Input:
vec1 = {1, 7, 5, 4, 6, 12},
vec2 = {10, 12, 11}
Output: {1, 4, 12}

方法：可以通过STL中提供的set_intersection()函数找到常见元素。

句法：

set_intersection (InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,
           InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2,
           OutputIterator result);

// C++ program to find common elements
// between two Vectors using STL
  
#include 
using namespace std;
  
int main()
{
  
    // Get the vector
    vector vector1 = { 1, 45, 54, 71, 76, 12 };
    vector vector2 = { 1, 7, 5, 4, 6, 12 };
  
    // Sort the vector
    sort(vector1.begin(), vector1.end());
    sort(vector2.begin(), vector2.end());
  
    // Print the vector
    cout << "First Vector: ";
    for (int i = 0; i < vector1.size(); i++)
        cout << vector1[i] << " ";
    cout << endl;
  
    cout << "Second Vector: ";
    for (int i = 0; i < vector2.size(); i++)
        cout << vector2[i] << " ";
    cout << endl;
  
    // Initialise a vector
    // to store the common values
    // and an iterator
    // to traverse this vector
    vector v(vector1.size() + vector2.size());
    vector::iterator it, st;
  
    it = set_intersection(vector1.begin(),
                          vector1.end(),
                          vector2.begin(),
                          vector2.end(),
                          v.begin());
  
    cout << "\nCommon elements:\n";
    for (st = v.begin(); st != it; ++st)
        cout << *st << ", ";
    cout << '\n';
  
    return 0;
}

输出：

First Vector: 1 12 45 54 71 76 
Second Vector: 1 4 5 6 7 12 

Common elements:
1, 12,

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