1.内联:
内联函数是由inline关键字定义的常规函数。内联函数是由编译器扩展的简短函数。并且其参数仅被评估一次。内联函数是短长度的函数,它们在不使用类内的inline关键字的情况下自动成为内联函数。
内联函数的语法:
inline return_type function_name ( parameters )
{
// inline function code
}
内联函数示例:
#include
using namespace std;
// Inline function
inline int Maximum(int a, int b)
{
return (a > b) ? a : b;
}
// Main function for the program
int main()
{
cout << "Max (100, 1000):" << Maximum(100, 1000) << endl;
cout << "Max (20, 0): " << Maximum(20, 0) << endl;
return 0;
}
输出:
Max (100, 1000): 1000
Max (20, 0): 20
2.宏:
也称为预处理器指令。宏由#define关键字定义。在程序编译之前,只要预处理器检测到宏,预处理器就会检查程序,然后预处理器将宏替换为宏定义。
宏的语法:
#define MACRO_NAME Macro_definition
宏示例:
#include
using namespace std;
// macro with parameter
#define MAXIMUM(a, b) (a > b) ? a : b
// Main function for the program
int main()
{
cout << "Max (100, 1000):";
int k = MAXIMUM(100, 1000);
cout << k << endl;
cout << "Max (20, 0):";
int k1 = MAXIMUM(20, 0);
cout << k1;
return 0;
}
输出:
Max (100, 1000):1000
Max (20, 0):20
C++中内联和宏之间的区别:
S.NO | Inline | Macro |
---|---|---|
1. | An inline function is defined by the inline keyword. | Whereas the macros are defined by the #define keyword. |
2. | Through inline function, the class’s data members can be accessed. | Whereas macro can’t access the class’s data members. |
3. | In the case of inline function, the program can be easily debugged. | Whereas in the case of macros, the program can’t be easily debugged. |
4. | In the case of inline, the arguments are evaluated only once. | Whereas in the case of macro, the arguments are evaluated every time whenever macro is used in the program. |
5. | In C++, inline may be defined either inside the class or outside the class. | Whereas the macro is all the time defined at the beginning of the program. |
6. | In C++, inside the class, the short length functions are automatically made the inline functions. | While the macro is specifically defined. |
7. | Inline is not as widely used as macros. | While the macro is widely used. |
8. | Inline is not used in competitive programming. | While the macro is very much used in competitive programming. |
9. | Inline function is terminated by the curly brace at the end. | While the macro is not terminated by any symbol, it is terminated by a new line. |
要从最佳影片策划和实践问题去学习,检查了C++基础课程为基础,以先进的C++和C++ STL课程基础加上STL。要完成从学习语言到DS Algo等的更多准备工作,请参阅“完整面试准备课程” 。