数组的反转计数指示–数组要排序的距离(或距离)。如果数组已经排序,则反转计数为0。如果数组以相反顺序排序,则反转计数为最大。
Two elements a[i] and a[j] form an inversion if
a[i] > a[j] and i < j. For simplicity, we may
assume that all elements are unique.
Example:
Input: arr[] = {8, 4, 2, 1}
Output: 6
Given array has six inversions (8,4), (4,2),
(8,2), (8,1), (4,1), (2,1).
我们已经讨论了以下方法。
1)基于朴素和合并排序的方法。
2)基于AVL树的方法。
在这篇文章中,讨论了在C++ STL中使用Set的方法2的简单实现。
1) Create an empty Set in C++ STL (Note that a Set in C++ STL is
implemented using Self-Balancing Binary Search Tree). And insert
first element of array into the set.
2) Initialize inversion count as 0.
3) Iterate from 1 to n-1 and do following for every element in arr[i]
a) Insert arr[i] into the set.
b) Find the first element greater than arr[i] in set
using upper_bound() defined Set STL.
c) Find distance of above found element from last element in set
and add this distance to inversion count.
4) Return inversion count.
// A STL Set based approach for inversion count
#include
using namespace std;
// Returns inversion count in arr[0..n-1]
int getInvCount(int arr[],int n)
{
// Create an empty set and insert first element in it
multiset set1;
set1.insert(arr[0]);
int invcount = 0; // Initialize result
multiset::iterator itset1; // Iterator for the set
// Traverse all elements starting from second
for (int i=1; i
输出:
Number of inversions count are : 6
请注意,上述实现的最坏情况下的时间复杂度是O(n 2 ),因为STL中的距离函数需要O(n)时间最坏的情况,但是此实现比其他实现简单得多,并且平均而言要比Naive方法花费更少的时间。
要从最佳影片策划和实践问题去学习,检查了C++基础课程为基础,以先进的C++和C++ STL课程基础加上STL。要完成从学习语言到DS Algo等的更多准备工作,请参阅“完整面试准备课程” 。