在本文中,将“指针指向指针”和“指针地址”传递给函数之间的区别。在C或C++编程语言中,众所周知指针包含变量的地址或任何内存位置。如果指针指向内存位置,则可以使用它来更改变量的值。
对于函数,任何指针都可以自己传递,也可以通过指针的地址传递。但是,如果要在函数永久更改指针的内存位置,则必须使用函数内的引用或双指针捕获指针,即,假定在本地函数内创建了任何内存。
此后,它指向该函数捕获的指针,而没有任何引用或任何双指针。在这种情况下,主函数内部没有变化,因为它没有被函数定义内的引用或双指针捕获。
程序1:
C++
// C++ program to illustrate the
// concepts pointers
#include
#include
using namespace std;
// Function to assign the value of
// pointer ptr to another location
void foo(int* ptr)
{
int b = 2;
// ptr= (int*)malloc(sizeof(int));
// It can be executed instead of
// the ptr=&b but nothing change
ptr = &b;
}
// Driver Code
int main()
{
int a = 5;
int* ptr = &a;
cout << "Before the function ptr: "
<< *ptr << endl;
foo(ptr);
cout << "After the function ptr: "
<< *ptr << endl;
return 0;
}
C++
// C++ program to illustrate the
// concepts of pointer
#include
#include
using namespace std;
// Function to change the pointer ptr
void foo(int* ptr)
{
int b = 2;
// The change will only be for
// the new value of the ptr
*ptr = b;
}
// Driver Code
int main()
{
int a = 5;
int* ptr = &a;
cout << "Before the function, "
<< "new value of the ptr: "
<< *ptr << endl;
// Function Call
foo(ptr);
cout << "After the function, "
<< "new value of the ptr: "
<< *ptr << endl;
return 0;
}
C++
// C++ program to illustrate the
// concepts of pointer
#include
#include
using namespace std;
// Function to change the value of
// the pointers ptr1
void foo(int** ptr1)
{
int b = 2;
// ptr = &b;
// For this assignment, the
// captured value will be like
// void foo(int* &ptr)
*ptr1 = &b;
}
// Driver Code
int main()
{
int a = 5;
int* ptr = &a;
cout << "Before the function, "
<< "new value of the ptr: "
<< *ptr << endl;
// Function Call
foo(&ptr);
cout << "After the function, "
<< "new value of the ptr: "
<< *ptr << endl;
return 0;
}
输出:
Before the function ptr: 5
After the function ptr: 5
说明:输出没有变化的原因是为函数创建了一个复制指针。因此,指针地址的更改不会在函数反映出来。引用或双指针可用于此目的。
程式2:
C++
// C++ program to illustrate the
// concepts of pointer
#include
#include
using namespace std;
// Function to change the pointer ptr
void foo(int* ptr)
{
int b = 2;
// The change will only be for
// the new value of the ptr
*ptr = b;
}
// Driver Code
int main()
{
int a = 5;
int* ptr = &a;
cout << "Before the function, "
<< "new value of the ptr: "
<< *ptr << endl;
// Function Call
foo(ptr);
cout << "After the function, "
<< "new value of the ptr: "
<< *ptr << endl;
return 0;
}
输出:
Before the function, new value of the ptr: 5
After the function, new value of the ptr: 2
解释:
如果想替换存储在PTR存储器把foo()函数完成时,PTR必须与FOO()函数的参考或双指针被捕获。
程序3:
C++
// C++ program to illustrate the
// concepts of pointer
#include
#include
using namespace std;
// Function to change the value of
// the pointers ptr1
void foo(int** ptr1)
{
int b = 2;
// ptr = &b;
// For this assignment, the
// captured value will be like
// void foo(int* &ptr)
*ptr1 = &b;
}
// Driver Code
int main()
{
int a = 5;
int* ptr = &a;
cout << "Before the function, "
<< "new value of the ptr: "
<< *ptr << endl;
// Function Call
foo(&ptr);
cout << "After the function, "
<< "new value of the ptr: "
<< *ptr << endl;
return 0;
}
输出:
Before the function, new value of the ptr: 5
After the function, new value of the ptr: 2
解释:
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