给定两个排序数组arr [] ， brr []的大小N和M ，任务是合并两个给定数组，以使它们形成结合两个数组元素的整数排序序列。
例子：
Input: arr[] = {10}, brr[] = {2, 3}
Output: 2 3 10
Explanation: The merged sorted array obtained by taking all the elements from the both the arrays is {2, 3, 10}.
Therefore, the required output is 2 3 10.
Input: arr[] = {1, 5, 9, 10, 15, 20}, brr[] = {2, 3, 8, 13}
Output: 1 2 3 5 8 9 10 13 15 20
天真的方法：有关合并两个给定数组的最简单方法，请参阅合并两个排序的数组。
时间复杂度： O(N * M)
辅助空间： O(1)
空间优化方法：请参阅合并两个排序的数组，并使用O(1)额外的空间来合并两个给定的数组，而不使用任何额外的内存。
时间复杂度： O(N * M)
辅助空间： O(1)
有效的空间优化方法：指的是有效地将两个排序的数组与O(1)的额外空间合并，以在不使用任何额外内存的情况下合并两个给定的数组。
时间复杂度： O((N + M)* log(N + M))
辅助空间： O(1)
基于堆的方法：可以使用堆解决问题。这个想法是遍历arr []数组，并将arr [i]的值与brr [0]进行比较，并检查arr [i]是否大于brr [0] 。如果发现为true，则交换(arr [i]，brr [0)并在brr []上执行heapify操作。请按照以下步骤解决问题：
- 遍历数组arr []并将arr [i]的值与brr [0]比较，并检查arr [i]是否大于brr [0] 。如果发现为true，则交换(arr [i]，brr [0)并在brr []上执行heapify操作。
- 最后，对数组brr []排序并打印两个数组。
下面是上述方法的实现：
C++
// C++ program to implement
// the above approach
#include
using namespace std;
// Function to perform min heapify
// on array brr[]
void minHeapify(int brr[], int i, int M)
{
// Stores index of left child
// of i.
int left = 2 * i + 1;
// Stores index of right child
// of i.
int right = 2 * i + 2;
// Stores index of the smallest element
// in (arr[i], arr[left], arr[right])
int smallest = i;
// Check if arr[left] less than
// arr[smallest]
if (left < M && brr[left] < brr[smallest]) {
// Update smallest
smallest = left;
}
// Check if arr[right] less than
// arr[smallest]
if (right < M && brr[right] < brr[smallest]) {
// Update smallest
smallest = right;
}
// if i is not the index
// of smallest element
if (smallest != i) {
// Swap arr[i] and arr[smallest]
swap(brr[i], brr[smallest]);
// Perform heapify on smallest
minHeapify(brr, smallest, M);
}
}
// Function to merge two sorted arrays
void merge(int arr[], int brr[],
int N, int M)
{
// Traverse the array arr[]
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
// Check if current element
// is less than brr[0]
if (arr[i] > brr[0]) {
// Swap arr[i] and brr[0]
swap(arr[i], brr[0]);
// Perform heapify on brr[]
minHeapify(brr, 0, M);
}
}
// Sort array brr[]
sort(brr, brr + M);
}
// Function to print array elements
void printArray(int arr[], int N)
{
// Traverse array arr[]
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
cout << arr[i] << " ";
}
// Driver Code
int main()
{
int arr[] = { 2, 23, 35, 235, 2335 };
int brr[] = { 3, 5 };
int N = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
int M = sizeof(brr) / sizeof(brr[0]);
// Function call to merge
// two array
merge(arr, brr, N, M);
// Print first array
printArray(arr, N);
// Print Second array.
printArray(brr, M);
return 0;
} Java
// Java program to implement
// the above approach
import java.util.*;
class GFG{
// Function to perform
// min heapify on array
// brr[]
static void minHeapify(int brr[],
int i, int M)
{
// Stores index of left
// child of i.
int left = 2 * i + 1;
// Stores index of right
// child of i.
int right = 2 * i + 2;
// Stores index of the smallest
// element in (arr[i], arr[left],
// arr[right])
int smallest = i;
// Check if arr[left] less than
// arr[smallest]
if (left < M && brr[left] <
brr[smallest])
{
// Update smallest
smallest = left;
}
// Check if arr[right] less
// than arr[smallest]
if (right < M && brr[right] <
brr[smallest])
{
// Update smallest
smallest = right;
}
// if i is not the index
// of smallest element
if (smallest != i)
{
// Swap arr[i] and
// arr[smallest]
int temp = brr[i];
brr[i] = brr[smallest];
brr[smallest] = temp;
// Perform heapify on smallest
minHeapify(brr, smallest, M);
}
}
// Function to merge two
// sorted arrays
static void merge(int arr[], int brr[],
int N, int M)
{
// Traverse the array arr[]
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
{
// Check if current element
// is less than brr[0]
if (arr[i] > brr[0])
{
// Swap arr[i] and brr[0]
int temp = arr[i];
arr[i] = brr[0];
brr[0] = temp;
// Perform heapify on brr[]
minHeapify(brr, 0, M);
}
}
// Sort array brr[]
Arrays.sort(brr);
}
// Function to print array
// elements
static void printArray(int arr[],
int N)
{
// Traverse array arr[]
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");
}
// Driver Code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int arr[] = {2, 23, 35, 235, 2335};
int brr[] = {3, 5};
int N = arr.length;
int M = brr.length;
// Function call to merge
// two array
merge(arr, brr, N, M);
// Print first array
printArray(arr, N);
// Print Second array.
printArray(brr, M);
}
}
// This code is contributed by Rajput-JiPython3
# Python3 program to implement
# the above appraoch
# Function to perform min heapify
# on array brr[]
def minHeapify(brr, i, M):
# Stores index of left child
# of i.
left = 2 * i + 1
# Stores index of right child
# of i.
right = 2 * i + 2
# Stores index of the smallest element
# in (arr[i], arr[left], arr[right])
smallest = i
# Check if arr[left] less than
# arr[smallest]
if (left < M and brr[left] < brr[smallest]):
# Update smallest
smallest = left
# Check if arr[right] less than
# arr[smallest]
if (right < M and brr[right] < brr[smallest]):
# Update smallest
smallest = right
# If i is not the index
# of smallest element
if (smallest != i):
# Swap arr[i] and arr[smallest]
brr[i], brr[smallest] = brr[smallest], brr[i]
# Perform heapify on smallest
minHeapify(brr, smallest, M)
# Function to merge two sorted arrays
def merge(arr, brr, N, M):
# Traverse the array arr[]
for i in range(N):
# Check if current element
# is less than brr[0]
if (arr[i] > brr[0]):
# Swap arr[i] and brr[0]
arr[i], brr[0] = brr[0], arr[i]
# Perform heapify on brr[]
minHeapify(brr, 0, M)
# Sort array brr[]
brr.sort()
# Function to print array elements
def printArray(arr, N):
# Traverse array arr[]
for i in range(N):
print(arr[i], end = " ")
# Driver code
if __name__ == '__main__':
arr = [ 2, 23, 35, 235, 2335 ]
brr = [3, 5]
N = len(arr)
M = len(brr)
# Function call to merge
# two array
merge(arr, brr, N, M)
# Print first array
printArray(arr, N)
# Print Second array.
printArray(brr, M)
# This code is contributed by Shivam SinghC#
// C# program to implement
// the above approach
using System;
class GFG{
// Function to perform
// min heapify on array
// brr[]
static void minHeapify(int []brr,
int i, int M)
{
// Stores index of left
// child of i.
int left = 2 * i + 1;
// Stores index of right
// child of i.
int right = 2 * i + 2;
// Stores index of the smallest
// element in (arr[i], arr[left],
// arr[right])
int smallest = i;
// Check if arr[left] less than
// arr[smallest]
if (left < M && brr[left] <
brr[smallest])
{
// Update smallest
smallest = left;
}
// Check if arr[right] less
// than arr[smallest]
if (right < M && brr[right] <
brr[smallest])
{
// Update smallest
smallest = right;
}
// If i is not the index
// of smallest element
if (smallest != i)
{
// Swap arr[i] and
// arr[smallest]
int temp = brr[i];
brr[i] = brr[smallest];
brr[smallest] = temp;
// Perform heapify on smallest
minHeapify(brr, smallest, M);
}
}
// Function to merge two
// sorted arrays
static void merge(int []arr, int[]brr,
int N, int M)
{
// Traverse the array []arr
for(int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
{
// Check if current element
// is less than brr[0]
if (arr[i] > brr[0])
{
// Swap arr[i] and brr[0]
int temp = arr[i];
arr[i] = brr[0];
brr[0] = temp;
// Perform heapify on brr[]
minHeapify(brr, 0, M);
}
}
// Sort array brr[]
Array.Sort(brr);
}
// Function to print array
// elements
static void printArray(int []arr,
int N)
{
// Traverse array []arr
for(int i = 0; i < N; i++)
Console.Write(arr[i] + " ");
}
// Driver Code
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
int []arr = { 2, 23, 35, 235, 2335 };
int []brr = {3, 5};
int N = arr.Length;
int M = brr.Length;
// Function call to merge
// two array
merge(arr, brr, N, M);
// Print first array
printArray(arr, N);
// Print Second array.
printArray(brr, M);
}
}
// This code is contributed by Amit KatiyarJavascript
输出：
2 3 5 23 35 235 2335时间复杂度： O((N + M)* log(M))
辅助空间： O(1)
高效方法：指合并两个排序的数组以有效地合并两个给定的数组。
时间复杂度： O(N + M)
辅助空间： O(N + M)
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