📅  最后修改于: 2020-10-19 03:45:21             🧑  作者: Mango
Express是创建Web应用程序的流行JavaScript框架之一。在本章中,让我们学习如何将TypeORM与快速框架一起使用。
TypeORM CLI提供了一个轻松的选项来创建与TypeORM集成的完整的可运行的快速Web应用程序(Restful API应用程序)。创建应用程序的CLI命令如下-
cd /path/to/workspace typeorm init --express --name typeorm-express-sample --database mysql
上面的命令将在typeorm-express-sample文件夹下创建一个新的Web应用程序。该应用程序的结构如下-
│ .gitignore
│ ormconfig.json
│ package.json
│ README.md
│ tsconfig.json
│ └───src
│ index.ts
│ routes.ts
│
├───controller
│ UserController.ts
│
├───entity
│ User.ts
│
└───migration
这里,
众所周知, ormconfig.json是TypeORM配置文件。代码如下,
{
"type": "mysql",
"host": "localhost",
"port": 3306,
"username": "test",
"password": "test",
"database": "test",
"synchronize": true,
"logging": false,
"entities": [
"src/entity/**/*.ts"
],
"migrations": [ "src/migration/**/*.ts"
],
"subscribers": [ "src/subscriber/**/*.ts"
],
"cli": {
"entitiesDir": "src/entity", "migrationsDir": "src/migration", "subscribersDir": "src/subscriber"
}
}
在这里,更改数据库设置以匹配您的本地数据库设置。
package.json文件是应用程序的主要配置。
tsconfig.json文件包含与TypeScript相关的配置。
实体文件夹包含TypeORM模型。默认用户模型将由CLI创建,如下所示-
import {Entity, PrimaryGeneratedColumn, Column} from "typeorm";
@Entity()
export class User {
@PrimaryGeneratedColumn()
id: number;
@Column()
firstName: string;
@Column()
lastName: string;
@Column()
age: number;
}
controller文件夹包含快速控制器。 CLI使用添加/列出/删除用户详细信息创建默认用户API控制器。代码如下-
import {getRepository} from "typeorm"; import {NextFunction, Request, Response} from "express"; import {User} from "../entity/User";
export class UserController {
private userRepository = getRepository(User);
async all(request: Request, response: Response, next: NextFunction) {
return this.userRepository.find();
}
async one(request: Request, response: Response, next: NextFunction) {
return this.userRepository.findOne(request.params.id);
}
async save(request: Request, response: Response, next: NextFunction) {
return this.userRepository.save(request.body);
}
async remove(request: Request, response: Response, next: NextFunction) {
let userToRemove = await this.userRepository.findOne(request.params.id);
await this.userRepository.remove(userToRemove);
}
}
这里,
all方法用于从数据库中获取所有用户。
一种方法是使用用户ID从数据库中获取单个用户
save方法用于将用户信息保存到数据库中。
delete方法用于使用用户ID从数据库中删除用户
routes.ts文件将用户控制器方法映射到正确的URL,代码如下-
import {UserController} from "./controller/UserController";
export const Routes = [{
method: "get",
route: "/users",
controller: UserController, action: "all"
}, {
method: "get",
route: "/users/:id", controller: UserController, action: "one"
}, {
method: "post",
route: "/users",
controller: UserController, action: "save"
}, {
method: "delete", route: "/users/:id", controller: UserController,
action: "remove"
}];
这里,
/ users url映射到用户控制器。每个动词发布,获取和删除都映射到不同的方法。
最后, index.ts是我们的主要Web应用程序入口点。源代码如下-
import "reflect-metadata";
import {createConnection} from "typeorm";
import * as express from "express"; import * as bodyParser from "body-parser";
import {Request, Response} from "express";
import {Routes} from "./routes"; import {User} from "./entity/User";
createConnection().then(async connection => {
// create express app const app = express(); app.use(bodyParser.json());
// register express routes from defined application routes Routes.forEach(route => {
(app as any)[route.method](route.route, (req: Request, res: Response, next: Function) => {
const result = (new (route.controller as any))[route.action](req, res, next);
if (result instanceof Promise) {
result.then(result => result !== null && result !== undefined ? res.send(result) : undefined);
} else if (result !== null && result !== undefined) {
.json(result);
}
});
});
// setup express app here
// ...
// start express server app.listen(3000);
// insert new users for test await connection.manager.save(connection.manager.create(User, {
firstName: "Timber",
lastName: "Saw",
age: 27
}));
await connection.manager.save(connection.manager.create(User, {
firstName: "Phantom",
lastName: "Assassin",
age: 24
}));
console.log("Express server has started on port 3000. Open http://localhost:3000/users to see results");
}).catch(error => console.log(error));
在此,应用程序配置路由,插入两个用户,然后在端口3000处启动Web应用程序。我们可以在http:// localhost:3000上访问该应用程序
要运行该应用程序,请按照以下步骤操作:
让我们使用以下命令安装必要的软件包-
npm install
npm notice created a lockfile as package-lock.json. You should commit this file.
npm WARN typeorm-express-sample@0.0.1 No repository field.
npm WARN typeorm-express-sample@0.0.1 No license field.
added 176 packages from 472 contributors and audited 351 packages in 11.965s
3 packages are looking for funding run `npm fund` for details
found 0 vulnerabilities
运行以下命令以启动应用程序。
npm start
> typeorm-express-sample@0.0.1 start /path/to/workspace/typeorm-express-sample
> ts-node src/index.ts
Express server has started on port 3000. Open http://localhost:3000/users to see results
让我们使用curl命令访问我们的Web应用程序API,如下所示:
curl http://localhost:3000/users
这里,
curl是一个命令行应用程序,用于从命令提示符访问Web应用程序。它支持所有HTTP动词,例如get,post,delete等,
[{"id":1,"firstName":"Timber","lastName":"Saw","age":27},{"id":2,"firstName":"Phantom","lastName":"Assassin","age":24}]
要获取第一条记录,我们可以使用以下命令-
curl http://localhost:3000/users/1
{"id":1,"firstName":"Timber","lastName":"Saw","age":27}
要删除用户记录,我们可以使用以下命令-
curl -X DELETE http://localhost:3000/users/1
如本章所述, TypeORM可以轻松集成到快速应用程序中。