学术文献可以有不同的类型。其中许多要求研究人员进行原创研究,而另一些则基于以前发表的研究。业余研究人员对每种类型的学术文献及其之间的差异的理解相当混乱。
研究论文
当研究人员参与一项独特主题的原创研究或调查时,例如,对特定社区或地理区域中药物滥用流行情况的研究,该研究的结果将作为研究论文呈现。研究论文最重要的组成部分是对主题的分析、支持研究的证据和研究结论。它可以包括对可达性问题的回答,也可以包括假设、研究的资源需求以及得出结论所遵循的方法。研究论文的格式在所有学科和机构中都非常相似,尽管根据出版和教育机构规定的模式,它可能因地区而异。这项学术著作是独一无二的,与任何其他已发表的著作没有相似之处。数据分析可以从软件的使用到真实的实验。
评论论文
评论论文是通用的,可以集中在广泛的媒介上,包括期刊、书籍、杂志和软件中的文章。综述论文是指对最近发表的关于特定主题或主题的研究论文的研究和调查。例如,工业废物导致的气候变化有许多学术研究论文。这些论文可以由任何其他数量的学者审查其优点。为了成功地写一篇评论论文,一个人需要了解其他学者在这个主题上写了什么以及他们对这个主题的看法,尤其是最近。到达论文作为这些评论论文的参考和源材料。通过介绍具有挑战性的材料和事实来进行研究,这些可能是令人兴奋且极其详尽的。它应该作为原始研究论文及其所有相关文献的总结。
研究论文和评论论文之间的主要区别如下表所示:
Attributes | Research Paper | Review Paper |
---|---|---|
Purpose | Its purpose is to report a detailed description of the original research study that is unique and specific to a subject | Its purpose is to critic and analyze a published literature on a specific topic. |
Basis | It must always be based on original research work and must be the primary reference source on the topic | it must always be based upon published scholarly literature and contain no new information on the topic |
Contents | The contents of this paper must be based on analysis and interpretation of original data from the research study | These contain simple and compact summary of the original researh paper and should act as an overview on the topic. |
Report | It reports every step undertaken for the study and include an abstract, well crafted hypothesis, its background studies, all methodology, conclusion and explanation of the findings | It reports commonalities among various research on the topic and the discrepancies with reasons for conflicting or varying results. |
Length | More often it depends upon the journal publishing or educational authorities, but it can range from 3000 to 6000 words. | These generally have a limit of 3000 to 5000 words, but depending upon the merits of the paper it can be shorter. |