一、文章：
文章是一篇文章，以印刷或电子形式在报纸、杂志、期刊或网站上制作。它有大量的读者群。它基于调查、研究、事实和分析等。文章可能很短，也可能稍长，最长可达 1500 字。它以明确的目标编写，并告知读者一些概念。
文章让读者了解一些事情并使其保持最新状态，并出现在报纸、杂志、百科全书上，现在大部分时间都出现在网站上。让我们举个例子，清楚地了解什么是文章 假设在一个研究中心，一位科学家得到了任何新概念，并在一本流行杂志上发表了一篇小文章，因此同一领域的相关人员发现它很有帮助，并且还了解了一个新事物。
2. 论文：
论文是正式而全面的文献，它描述了分析和讨论的特定问题或主题。它指的是一篇关于特定主题的短文。主要是要求学术界的学生就某些主题撰写论文，作为对问题或命题的回应。它没有考虑特定的读者群。
通过散文作者或叙述者表达他或她对特定主题或问题的个人观点或意见，它基于教育和分析语气。让我们举个例子并清楚地理解什么是论文，假设一个学生有考试，在试卷中，它被要求写一些关于印度洪水的解释，这是论文的一个例子。
文章和论文的区别：
| S.No. | ARTICLE | ESSAY |
|---|---|---|
| 01. | Article is a written composition meant to be published in newspaper, magazine or other publication. | Essay is a literary composition which meant to a particular issue or topic analysed and discussed. |
| 02. | The nature of article is objective. | The nature of essay is subjective. |
| 03. | Its main purpose is to inform the readers about some concept. | Its general purpose is to response to a question or proposition. |
| 04. | Article has a target readership. | Essay has no specific readership. |
| 05. | It is accompanied by statistical data, reports and charts, photographs etc. | In this no photographs, charts, reports etc. are required. |
| 06. | Articles follow heading and subheading format. | Essays may or may not follow heading and subheading format. |
| 07. | Citation and Reference are not required. | Citation and Reference are required. |
| 08. | It is short and a descriptive account of something or some topic. | It is long account of an event or a concept or a historical happening |
| 09. | Articles are slightly long may be upto 1500 words. | Essays may be very long and may contain upto 3000 words. |
| 10. | Articles does not have conclusion in the last. | Essays have conclusion in the last. |
| 11. | For example any IoT related article published in IEEE. | For example any essay topic say Education System of India coming in school exam. |