先决条件 – 传输媒体的类型
1. 双绞线：
双绞线电缆是一种将两根导体绞合在一起以形成用于传输目的的电路的布线。它是由两根独立的绝缘铜线组合而成。双绞线电缆中的金属导线用于以电信号的形式传输数据。在局域网中使用的所有电缆中，双绞线电缆是最便宜的电缆。双绞线电缆通常用于数据网络和电线屏蔽。
2. 光纤电缆：
光纤电缆是一类用于长距离传输和高性能数据网络的引导介质。光纤电缆由非常细的玻璃纤维聚集在一根电缆中组成。在光纤电缆中，玻璃纤维有助于以光脉冲的形式传输信号。光纤电缆主要用于长距离网络和大容量数据中心。
双绞线电缆和光纤电缆的区别如下：
| S.No. | Twisted Pair Cable | Optical Fiber Cable |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | In twisted pair cable, transmission of signals takes place through metallic conducting wire. | In optical fiber cable, transmission of signals happens via glass fiber. |
| 2. | Twisted pair cable has large diameter in comparison to optical fiber cable. | Optical fiber cable has small diameter as it is thin and flexible. |
| 3. | In twisted pair cables, attenuation is very large. | While in optical fiber cables, attenuation is very small. |
| 4. | Twisted pair cable is easy and simple to install and implement. | The installation and implementation of optical fiber cables is extremely tough. |
| 5. | Twisted pair cables are used for wire shielding and data networks. | Optical fiber cable is generally suited for long distance networks among cities and countries. |
| 6. | Twisted pair cable is comparatively inexpensive. | While optical fiber cable is expensive as it has great performance and capacity. |