统一内存访问 (UMA) 和非统一内存访问 (NUMA) 之间的区别

多处理器可以分为三种共享内存模型，它们是：

1. 统一内存访问 (UMA)
2. 非统一内存访问 (NUMA)
3. 仅缓存内存访问 (COMA)

统一内存访问 (UMA)：
在 UMA 中，使用单个内存控制器。统一内存访问比非统一内存访问慢。在统一内存访问中，带宽受到限制或限制，而不是非统一内存访问。统一内存访问中使用了 3 种类型的总线，它们是：Single、Multiple 和 Crossbar。它适用于通用应用和分时应用。

非统一内存访问 (NUMA)：
在 NUMA 中，使用不同的内存控制器。非统一内存访问比统一内存访问快。非均匀内存访问适用于实时应用程序和时间关键应用程序。

我们来看看UMA和NUMA的区别：

S.NO	UMA	NUMA
1.	UMA stands for Uniform Memory Access.	NUMA stands for Non-uniform Memory Access.
2.	In Uniform Memory Access, Single memory controller is used.	In Non-uniform Memory Access, Different memory controller is used.
3.	Uniform Memory Access is slower than non-uniform Memory Access.	Non-uniform Memory Access is faster than uniform Memory Access.
4.	Uniform Memory Access has limited bandwidth.	Non-uniform Memory Access has more bandwidth than uniform Memory Access.
5.	Uniform Memory Access is applicable for general purpose applications and time-sharing applications.	Non-uniform Memory Access is applicable for real-time applications and time-critical applications.
6.	In uniform Memory Access, memory access time is balanced or equal.	In non-uniform Memory Access, memory access time is not equal.
7.	There are 3 types of buses used in uniform Memory Access which are: Single, Multiple and Crossbar.	While in non-uniform Memory Access, There are 2 types of buses used which are: Tree and hierarchical.