C/C++ 中的 exit(0) 与 exit(1) 示例

exit是 C/C++ 语言中的跳转语句，它采用整数(零或非零)来表示不同的退出状态。

C/C++中有两种退出状态：

1. 退出成功：退出成功由exit(0)语句表示，表示程序成功终止，即程序已经执行，没有任何错误或中断。

   #include 
   #include 
     
   int main()
   {
       FILE* file;
     
       // opening the file in read-only mode
       file = fopen("myFile.txt", "r");
     
       printf("File opening successful!");
     
       // EXIT_SUCCESS
       exit(0);
   }
   

   注意：创建一个名为“myFile.txt”的文件并在本地设备中运行代码以查看输出。

2. 退出失败：退出失败由exit(1)表示，表示程序异常终止，即发生了一些错误或中断。我们可以使用 1 以外的不同整数来表示不同类型的错误。

   #include 
   #include 
     
   int main()
   {
       FILE* file;
     
       // open the file in read-only mode
       file = fopen("myFile.txt", "r");
     
       if (file == NULL) {
           printf("Error in opening file");
     
           // EXIT_FAILURE
           exit(1);
       }
     
       // EXIT_SUCCESS
       exit(0);
   }
   

让我们看看这两种说法之间的区别——

exit(0)	exit(1)
Reports the successful termination/completion of the program.	Reports the abnormal termination of the program.
Reports the termination when the program gets executed without any error.	Reports the termination when some error or interruption occurs during the execution of the program.
The syntax is exit(0);	The syntax is exit(1);
The usage of exit(0) is fully portable.	The usage of exit(1) is not portable.
The macro used for return code 0 is EXIT_SUCCESS	The macro used for return code 1 is EXIT_FAILURE
EXIT_SUCCESS is defined by the standard to be zero.	EXIT_FAILURE is not restricted by the standard to be one, but many systems do implement it as one.

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