GUI(图形用户界面)比程序更有助于理解。在本文中,我们将使用 JavaScript 可视化冒泡排序。我们将看到如何在冒泡排序中交换元素以及如何获得最终的排序数组。我们还将可视化冒泡排序的时间复杂度。
参考:
- 冒泡排序
- JavaScript 中的异步函数
方法:
- 首先,我们将使用Math.random()函数生成一个随机数组。
- 不同的颜色用于指示正在比较、排序和未排序的元素。
- 由于该算法执行操作的速度非常快,因此已使用setTimeout()函数来减慢该过程。
- 按“Ctrl+R”键可以生成新数组。
- 排序是使用BubbleSort()函数的,使用swap()函数
例子:
下面是可视化冒泡排序算法的程序。
索引.html
HTML
Bubble Sort
style.css:以下是上述文件中使用的“style.css”的内容。
* {
margin: 0px;
padding: 0px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.header {
font-size: 20px;
text-align: center;
}
#array {
background-color: white;
height: 413px;
width: 598px;
margin: auto;
position: relative;
margin-top: 64px;
}
.block {
width: 28px;
background-color: #6b5b95;
position: absolute;
bottom: 0px;
transition: 0.2s all ease;
}
.block_id {
position: absolute;
color: black;
margin-top: -20px;
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
}
script.js:以下是上述HTML代码中使用的“script.js”文件的内容。
var container = document.getElementById("array");
// Function to generate the array of blocks
function generatearray() {
for (var i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
// Return a value from 1 to 100 (both inclusive)
var value = Math.ceil(Math.random() * 100);
// Creating element div
var array_ele = document.createElement("div");
// Adding class 'block' to div
array_ele.classList.add("block");
// Adding style to div
array_ele.style.height = `${value * 3}px`;
array_ele.style.transform = `translate(${i * 30}px)`;
// Creating label element for displaying
// size of particular block
var array_ele_label = document.createElement("label");
array_ele_label.classList.add("block_id");
array_ele_label.innerText = value;
// Appending created elements to index.html
array_ele.appendChild(array_ele_label);
container.appendChild(array_ele);
}
}
// Promise to swap two blocks
function swap(el1, el2) {
return new Promise((resolve) => {
// For exchanging styles of two blocks
var temp = el1.style.transform;
el1.style.transform = el2.style.transform;
el2.style.transform = temp;
window.requestAnimationFrame(function() {
// For waiting for .25 sec
setTimeout(() => {
container.insertBefore(el2, el1);
resolve();
}, 250);
});
});
}
// Asynchronous BubbleSort function
async function BubbleSort(delay = 100) {
var blocks = document.querySelectorAll(".block");
// BubbleSort Algorithm
for (var i = 0; i < blocks.length; i += 1) {
for (var j = 0; j < blocks.length - i - 1; j += 1) {
// To change background-color of the
// blocks to be compared
blocks[j].style.backgroundColor = "#FF4949";
blocks[j + 1].style.backgroundColor = "#FF4949";
// To wait for .1 sec
await new Promise((resolve) =>
setTimeout(() => {
resolve();
}, delay)
);
console.log("run");
var value1 = Number(blocks[j].childNodes[0].innerHTML);
var value2 = Number(blocks[j + 1]
.childNodes[0].innerHTML);
// To compare value of two blocks
if (value1 > value2) {
await swap(blocks[j], blocks[j + 1]);
blocks = document.querySelectorAll(".block");
}
// Changing the color to the previous one
blocks[j].style.backgroundColor = "#6b5b95";
blocks[j + 1].style.backgroundColor = "#6b5b95";
}
//changing the color of greatest element
//found in the above traversal
blocks[blocks.length - i - 1]
.style.backgroundColor = "#13CE66";
}
}
// Calling generatearray function
generatearray();
// Calling BubbleSort function
BubbleSort();
输出: