📜  Java中 Enum 和 Switch 关键字的使用

📅  最后修改于: 2022-05-13 01:54:32.873000             🧑  作者: Mango

Java中 Enum 和 Switch 关键字的使用

一个 枚举是Java中一种独特的数据类型,它通常是常量的集合(集合) 。更具体地说, Java Enum 类型是一种独特的Java类。 Enum 可以保存常量、方法等。 Enum 关键字可以与 if 语句、switch 语句和迭代等一起使用。

例子:

Java
// Java Program to show working of Enum 
// Keyword when declared outside the Class
enum Days {
    MONDAY,
    TUESDAY,
    WEDNESDAY,
    THURSDAY,
    FRIDAY,
    SATURDAY,
    SUNDAY;
}
  
public class temp {
  
    // Driver method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Days x = Days.FRIDAY;
        System.out.println(x);
    }
}


Java
// Java Program to show working
// of Switch statement
public class Example_Switch {
  
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Declare a variable for switch statement
        int num = 50;
  
        // Switch keyword
        switch (num) {
        // Case statements
        case 10:
            System.out.println("10");
            break;
        case 20:
            System.out.println("20");
            break;
        case 30:
            System.out.println("30");
            break;
        // Default case statement
        default:
            System.out.println("Other than 10, 20 or 30");
        }
    }
}


Java
// Java Program to show the
// working of Enum keyword
// with Switch statement
  
// Enum keyword declared outside main class
enum Cars {
    BMW,
    JEEP,
    AUDI,
    VOLKSWAGON,
    NANO,
    FIAT;
}
  
// Main class
public class Main {
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        // Declaring Enum variable
        Cars c;
        c = Cars.AUDI;
        // Switch keyword
        switch (c) {
  
        // Case statements
        case BMW:
            System.out.println("You choose BMW !");
            break;
        case JEEP:
            System.out.println("You choose JEEP !");
            break;
        case AUDI:
            System.out.println("You choose AUDI !");
            break;
        case VOLKSWAGON:
            System.out.println("You choose VOLKSWAGON !");
            break;
        case NANO:
            System.out.println("You choose NANO !");
            break;
        case FIAT:
            System.out.println("You choose FIAT !");
  
        default:
            System.out.println("NEW BRAND'S CAR.");
            break;
        }
    }
}


Java
// Java Program to Show 
// working of Enum keyword
// with Switch statement
  
// Main class
public class MainClass {
  
    // Declaring Enum keyword
    // inside main class
    enum Webseries {
        GOT,
        Breakingbad,
        Lucifer,
        Boys,
        Mirzapur,
        Moneyheist;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Declaring and Assigning choice to variable 'wb'
        Webseries wb = Webseries.Mirzapur;
  
        // Switch Keyword
  
        switch (wb) {
  
        // Case statements
        case GOT:
            System.out.println("Game of Thrones selected");
            break;
        case Breakingbad:
            System.out.println("Breaking Bad selected");
            break;
        case Lucifer:
            System.out.println("Lucifer selected");
            break;
        case Boys:
            System.out.println("Boys selected");
            break;
        case Mirzapur:
            System.out.println("Mirzapur selected");
            break;
        case Moneyheist:
            System.out.println("Money Heist selected");
            break;
        default:
            System.out.println("You are outdated !!!");
            break;
        }
    }
}


输出:

FRIDAY

切换关键字

当用户有多个选择并希望为每个选择执行不同的任务时, Switch语句很有用。 Switch 语句允许根据值列表测试变量是否相等。每个值都称为一个案例。 switch Case 语句通常break 语句一起使用,但它是可选的。

例子:

Java

// Java Program to show working
// of Switch statement
public class Example_Switch {
  
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Declare a variable for switch statement
        int num = 50;
  
        // Switch keyword
        switch (num) {
        // Case statements
        case 10:
            System.out.println("10");
            break;
        case 20:
            System.out.println("20");
            break;
        case 30:
            System.out.println("30");
            break;
        // Default case statement
        default:
            System.out.println("Other than 10, 20 or 30");
        }
    }
}

输出:

Other than 10, 20 or 30

示例 1:当 Enum 在主类之外时使用 Enum 和 Switch 语句

Java

// Java Program to show the
// working of Enum keyword
// with Switch statement
  
// Enum keyword declared outside main class
enum Cars {
    BMW,
    JEEP,
    AUDI,
    VOLKSWAGON,
    NANO,
    FIAT;
}
  
// Main class
public class Main {
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        // Declaring Enum variable
        Cars c;
        c = Cars.AUDI;
        // Switch keyword
        switch (c) {
  
        // Case statements
        case BMW:
            System.out.println("You choose BMW !");
            break;
        case JEEP:
            System.out.println("You choose JEEP !");
            break;
        case AUDI:
            System.out.println("You choose AUDI !");
            break;
        case VOLKSWAGON:
            System.out.println("You choose VOLKSWAGON !");
            break;
        case NANO:
            System.out.println("You choose NANO !");
            break;
        case FIAT:
            System.out.println("You choose FIAT !");
  
        default:
            System.out.println("NEW BRAND'S CAR.");
            break;
        }
    }
}

输出:

You choose AUDI !

在上面的例子中,我们展示了当 Enum 在主类之外声明时, Enum 关键字如何与 Switch case 语句一起工作。

示例 2:当 Enum 在主类中时,将 Enum 与 Switch 语句一起使用

Java

// Java Program to Show 
// working of Enum keyword
// with Switch statement
  
// Main class
public class MainClass {
  
    // Declaring Enum keyword
    // inside main class
    enum Webseries {
        GOT,
        Breakingbad,
        Lucifer,
        Boys,
        Mirzapur,
        Moneyheist;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Declaring and Assigning choice to variable 'wb'
        Webseries wb = Webseries.Mirzapur;
  
        // Switch Keyword
  
        switch (wb) {
  
        // Case statements
        case GOT:
            System.out.println("Game of Thrones selected");
            break;
        case Breakingbad:
            System.out.println("Breaking Bad selected");
            break;
        case Lucifer:
            System.out.println("Lucifer selected");
            break;
        case Boys:
            System.out.println("Boys selected");
            break;
        case Mirzapur:
            System.out.println("Mirzapur selected");
            break;
        case Moneyheist:
            System.out.println("Money Heist selected");
            break;
        default:
            System.out.println("You are outdated !!!");
            break;
        }
    }
}

输出:

Mirzapur selected

在上面的例子中,我们展示了当 Enum 在主类中声明时 Enum 关键字如何与 Switch case 语句一起工作。