📅  最后修改于: 2020-11-07 08:47:31             🧑  作者: Mango
使用SELECT查询获取数据时,可以使用OrderBy子句按所需顺序(升序或降序)对结果进行排序。默认情况下,此子句将结果按升序排序,如果需要按降序排列它们,则需要显式使用“ DESC”。
以下是语法SELECT列列表
FROM table_name
[WHERE condition]
[ORDER BY column1, column2,.. columnN] [ASC | DESC]; of the ORDER BY clause:
假设我们已经在MySQL中创建了一个名为EMPLOYEES的表-
mysql> CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE(
FIRST_NAME CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
LAST_NAME CHAR(20),
AGE INT,
SEX CHAR(1),
INCOME FLOAT
);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.36 sec)
如果我们使用INSERT语句将4条记录插入到其中-
mysql> INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE VALUES
('Krishna', 'Sharma', 19, 'M', 2000),
('Raj', 'Kandukuri', 20, 'M', 7000),
('Ramya', 'Ramapriya', 25, 'F', 5000),
('Mac', 'Mohan', 26, 'M', 2000);
以下语句按年龄的升序检索EMPLOYEE表的内容。
mysql> SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE ORDER BY AGE;
+------------+-----------+------+------+--------+
| FIRST_NAME | LAST_NAME | AGE | SEX | INCOME |
+------------+-----------+------+------+--------+
| Krishna | Sharma | 19 | M | 2000 |
| Raj | Kandukuri | 20 | M | 7000 |
| Ramya | Ramapriya | 25 | F | 5000 |
| Mac | Mohan | 26 | M | 2000 |
+------------+-----------+------+------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.04 sec)
您还可以使用DESC作为降序检索数据-
mysql> SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE ORDER BY FIRST_NAME, INCOME DESC;
+------------+-----------+------+------+--------+
| FIRST_NAME | LAST_NAME | AGE | SEX | INCOME |
+------------+-----------+------+------+--------+
| Krishna | Sharma | 19 | M | 2000 |
| Mac | Mohan | 26 | M | 2000 |
| Raj | Kandukuri | 20 | M | 7000 |
| Ramya | Ramapriya | 25 | F | 5000 |
+------------+-----------+------+------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
要按特定顺序检索表的内容,请在游标对象上调用execute()方法,并将SELECT语句与ORDER BY子句一起作为参数传递给它。
在下面的示例中,我们将创建一个具有名称和Employee的表,填充该表,然后使用ORDER BY子句按其年龄的(升序)顺序检索其记录。
import mysql.connector
#establishing the connection
conn = mysql.connector.connect(
user='root', password='password', host='127.0.0.1', database='mydb')
#Creating a cursor object using the cursor() method
cursor = conn.cursor()
#Doping EMPLOYEE table if already exists.
cursor.execute("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS EMPLOYEE")
sql = '''CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE(
FIRST_NAME CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
LAST_NAME CHAR(20),
AGE INT,
SEX CHAR(1),
INCOME FLOAT
)'''
cursor.execute(sql)
#Populating the table
insert_stmt = "INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE (FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, AGE, SEX, INCOME)
VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s)"
data = [('Krishna', 'Sharma', 26, 'M', 2000),
('Raj', 'Kandukuri', 20, 'M', 7000),
('Ramya', 'Ramapriya', 29, 'F', 5000),
('Mac', 'Mohan', 26, 'M', 2000)]
cursor.executemany(insert_stmt, data)
conn.commit()
#Retrieving specific records using the ORDER BY clause
cursor.execute("SELECT * from EMPLOYEE ORDER BY AGE")
print(cursor.fetchall())
#Closing the connection
conn.close()
[('Raj', 'Kandukuri', 20, 'M', 7000.0),
('Krishna', 'Sharma', 26, 'M', 2000.0),
('Mac', 'Mohan', 26, 'M', 2000.0),
('Ramya', 'Ramapriya', 29, 'F', 5000.0)
]
以相同的方式,您可以使用ORDER BY子句以降序从表中检索数据。
import mysql.connector
#establishing the connection
conn = mysql.connector.connect(
user='root', password='password', host='127.0.0.1', database='mydb')
#Creating a cursor object using the cursor() method
cursor = conn.cursor()
#Retrieving specific records using the ORDERBY clause
cursor.execute("SELECT * from EMPLOYEE ORDER BY INCOME DESC")
print(cursor.fetchall())
#Closing the connection
conn.close()
[('Raj', 'Kandukuri', 20, 'M', 7000.0),
('Ramya', 'Ramapriya', 29, 'F', 5000.0),
('Krishna', 'Sharma', 26, 'M', 2000.0),
('Mac', 'Mohan', 26, 'M', 2000.0)
]