📅  最后修改于: 2020-11-18 08:32:28             🧑  作者: Mango
使用HttpClient,我们可以执行分段上传,即,可以在较小的部分上传较大的对象。在本章中,我们将通过上传一个简单的文本文件来演示HTTP客户端中的分段上传。
通常,任何分段上传都包含三个部分。
启动上传
上载对象部分
完成分段上传
对于使用HttpClient的分段上传,我们需要遵循以下步骤-
创建一个多部分生成器。
向其中添加所需的部件。
完成构建并获得一个包含多部分的HttpEntity。
通过设置上述多部分实体来构建请求。
执行请求。
以下是使用HttpClient库上传多部分实体的步骤。
HttpClients类的createDefault()方法返回CloseableHttpClient类的对象,该对象是HttpClient接口的基本实现。使用此方法,创建HttpClient对象-
//Creating CloseableHttpClient object
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
FileBody类表示文件支持的二进制主体部分。通过传递表示内容类型的File对象和ContentType对象来实例化此类。
//Creating a File object
File file = new File("sample.txt");
//Creating the FileBody object
FileBody filebody = new FileBody(file, ContentType.DEFAULT_BINARY);
MultipartEntityBuilder类用于构建多部分的HttpEntity对象。使用(同一类的) create()方法创建其对象。
//Creating the MultipartEntityBuilder
MultipartEntityBuilder entitybuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
MultipartEntityBuilder具有三种模式:STRICT,RFC6532和BROWSER_COMPATIBLE。使用setMode()方法将其设置为所需的模式。
//Setting the mode
entitybuilder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
使用addTextBody() ,addPart()和addBinaryBody()方法,可以将简单的文本,文件,流和其他对象添加到MultipartBuilder中。使用这些方法添加所需的内容。
//Adding text
entitybuilder.addTextBody("sample_text", "This is the text part of our file");
//Adding a file
entitybuilder.addBinaryBody("image", new File("logo.png"));
您可以使用MultipartEntityBuilder类的build()方法将所有这些部件构建为单个实体。使用此方法,将所有部分构建到单个HttpEntity中。
//Building a single entity using the parts
HttpEntity mutiPartHttpEntity = entityBuilder.build();
RequestBuilder类用于通过向其添加参数来构建请求。如果请求的类型为PUT或POST,则会将参数作为URL编码的实体添加到请求中。
使用post()方法创建一个RequestBuilder对象(POST类型) 。并将您要将请求发送到的Uri作为参数传递给它。
//Building the post request object
RequestBuilder reqbuilder = RequestBuilder.post("http://httpbin.org/post");
使用RequestBuilder类的setEntity()方法将上面创建的多部分实体设置为RequestBuilder。
//Setting the entity object to the RequestBuilder
reqbuilder.setEntity(mutiPartHttpEntity);
使用RequestBuilder类的build()方法构建HttpUriRequest请求对象。
//Building the request
HttpUriRequest multipartRequest = reqbuilder.build();
使用execute()方法,执行上一步中构建的请求(将请求作为参数传递给此方法)。
//Executing the request
HttpResponse httpresponse = httpclient.execute(multipartRequest);
下面的示例演示如何使用HttpClient库发送多部分请求。在此示例中,我们尝试发送由文件支持的多部分请求。
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
public class MultipartUploadExample {
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{
//Creating CloseableHttpClient object
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
//Creating a file object
File file = new File("sample.txt");
//Creating the FileBody object
FileBody filebody = new FileBody(file, ContentType.DEFAULT_BINARY);
//Creating the MultipartEntityBuilder
MultipartEntityBuilder entitybuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
//Setting the mode
entitybuilder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
//Adding text
entitybuilder.addTextBody("sample_text", "This is the text part of our file");
//Adding a file
entitybuilder.addBinaryBody("image", new File("logo.png"));
//Building a single entity using the parts
HttpEntity mutiPartHttpEntity = entitybuilder.build();
//Building the RequestBuilder request object
RequestBuilder reqbuilder = RequestBuilder.post("http://httpbin.org/post");
//Set the entity object to the RequestBuilder
reqbuilder.setEntity(mutiPartHttpEntity);
//Building the request
HttpUriRequest multipartRequest = reqbuilder.build();
//Executing the request
HttpResponse httpresponse = httpclient.execute(multipartRequest);
//Printing the status and the contents of the response
System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpresponse.getEntity()));
System.out.println(httpresponse.getStatusLine());
}
}
在执行时,以上程序生成以下输出-
{
"args": {},
"data": "",
"files": {
"image": "data:application/octets66PohrH3IWNk1FzpohfdXPIfv9X3490FGcuXsHn9X0piCwomF/xdgADZ9GsfSyvLYAAAAAE
lFTkSuQmCC"
},
"form": {
"sample_text": "This is the text part of our file"
},
"headers": {
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip,deflate",
"Connection": "close",
"Content-Length": "11104",
"Content-Type": "multipart/form-data;
boundary=UFJbPHT7mTwpVq70LpZgCi5I2nvxd1g-I8Rt",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "Apache-HttpClient/4.5.6 (Java/1.8.0_91)"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "117.216.245.180",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}
HTTP/1.1 200 OK