Python中的 Matplotlib.pyplot.connect()

Matplotlib是Python中的一个库，它是 NumPy 库的数值数学扩展。 Pyplot是Matplotlib模块的基于状态的接口，它提供了一个类似 MATLAB 的接口。

matplotlib.pyplot.connect()函数

此方法用于将带有字符串s 的事件连接到函数。

Syntax: matplotlib.pyplot.connect(s, func)

Parameters: This method accept the following parameters that are described below:
s(str): One of the following events ids:
1. ‘button_press_event’
2. ‘button_release_event’
3. ‘draw_event’
4. ‘key_press_event’
5. ‘key_release_event’
6. ‘motion_notify_event’
7. ‘pick_event’
8. ‘resize_event’
9. ‘scroll_event’
10. ‘figure_enter_event’,
11. ‘figure_leave_event’,
12. ‘axes_enter_event’,
13. ‘axes_leave_event’
14. ‘close_event’.
func(callable): The callback function to be executed, which must have the signature:
def func(event: Event) -> Any

Returns(cid): A connection id that can be used with FigureCanvasBase.mpl_disconnect.

示例 1：

# matplotlib.pyplot.connect()
from matplotlib.backend_bases import MouseButton
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
  
  
t = np.arange(0.0, 1.0, 0.01)
s = np.sin(2 * np.pi * t)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot(t, s)
  
  
def on_move(event):
      
    # get the x and y pixel coords
    x, y = event.x, event.y
      
    if event.inaxes:
        ax = event.inaxes  # the axes instance
        print('data coords % f % f' % (event.xdata,
                                       event.ydata))
  
  
def on_click(event):
      
    if event.button is MouseButton.LEFT:
        print('disconnecting callback')
        plt.disconnect(binding_id)
  
  
binding_id = plt.connect('motion_notify_event',
                         on_move)
  
plt.connect('button_press_event', on_click)
  
plt.show()

输出 ：

示例 2：

from matplotlib.widgets import RectangleSelector
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  
  
def line_select_callback(eclick, erelease):
      
    # Callback for line selection.
    # *eclick * and * erelease *
    # are the press and release events.
    x1, y1 = eclick.xdata, eclick.ydata
    x2, y2 = erelease.xdata, erelease.ydata
    print("(% 3.2f, % 3.2f) --> (% 3.2f, % 3.2f)" % (x1, y1, x2, y2))
    print(" The button you used were: % s % s" % (eclick.button, 
                                                  erelease.button))
  
  
def toggle_selector(event):
      
    print(' Key pressed.')
      
    if event.key in ['Q', 'q'] and toggle_selector.RS.active:
        print(' RectangleSelector deactivated.')
        toggle_selector.RS.set_active(False)
        print(' RectangleSelector activated.')
        toggle_selector.RS.set_active(True)
  
  
# make a new plotting range
fig, current_ax = plt.subplots()
  
# If N is large one can see
N = 100000
  
# improvement by use blitting ! 
# plt.plot(x, +np.sin(.2 * np.pi * x), 
# lw = 3.5, c ='b', alpha =.7)  
# plot something
x = np.linspace(0.0, 10.0, N)
plt.plot(x, +np.cos(.2 * np.pi * x), 
         lw = 3.5, c ='c', alpha =.5)
plt.plot(x, -np.sin(.2 * np.pi * x), 
         lw = 3.5, c ='r', alpha =.3)
  
print("\n      click  -->  release")
  
# drawtype is 'box' or 'line' or 'none'
toggle_selector.RS = RectangleSelector(current_ax, line_select_callback,
                                       drawtype ='box',
                                       useblit = True,
                                       button =[1, 3],  # don't use middle button
                                       minspanx = 5, minspany = 5,
                                       spancoords ='pixels',
                                       interactive = True)
  
plt.connect('key_press_event', toggle_selector)
plt.show()

输出 ：