📅  最后修改于: 2020-12-06 10:12:53             🧑  作者: Mango
在本章中,我们将学习如何将JUnit和Mockito集成在一起。在这里,我们将创建一个数学应用程序,该应用程序使用CalculatorService执行基本的数学运算,例如加法,减法,乘法和除法。
我们将使用Mockito模拟CalculatorService的虚拟实现。另外,我们广泛使用了注释,以展示它们与JUnit和Mockito的兼容性。
下面将逐步讨论该过程。
步骤1-创建一个名为CalculatorService的接口以提供数学函数
文件:CalculatorService.java
public interface CalculatorService {
public double add(double input1, double input2);
public double subtract(double input1, double input2);
public double multiply(double input1, double input2);
public double divide(double input1, double input2);
}
第2步-创建一个JAVA类来表示MathApplication
文件:MathApplication.java
public class MathApplication {
private CalculatorService calcService;
public void setCalculatorService(CalculatorService calcService){
this.calcService = calcService;
}
public double add(double input1, double input2){
return calcService.add(input1, input2);
}
public double subtract(double input1, double input2){
return calcService.subtract(input1, input2);
}
public double multiply(double input1, double input2){
return calcService.multiply(input1, input2);
}
public double divide(double input1, double input2){
return calcService.divide(input1, input2);
}
}
第3步-测试MathApplication类
让我们通过向其注入一个CalculatorService模拟来测试MathApplication类。模拟将由Mockito创建。
文件:MathApplicationTester.java
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;
// @RunWith attaches a runner with the test class to initialize the test data
@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class MathApplicationTester {
//@InjectMocks annotation is used to create and inject the mock object
@InjectMocks
MathApplication mathApplication = new MathApplication();
//@Mock annotation is used to create the mock object to be injected
@Mock
CalculatorService calcService;
@Test
public void testAdd(){
//add the behavior of calc service to add two numbers
when(calcService.add(10.0,20.0)).thenReturn(30.00);
//test the add functionality
Assert.assertEquals(mathApplication.add(10.0, 20.0),30.0,0);
}
}
步骤4-创建要执行以测试案例的类
在C> Mockito_WORKSPACE中创建一个名为TestRunner的Java类文件以执行测试用例。
文件:TestRunner.java
import org.junit.runner.JUnitCore;
import org.junit.runner.Result;
import org.junit.runner.notification.Failure;
public class TestRunner {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Result result = JUnitCore.runClasses(MathApplicationTester.class);
for (Failure failure : result.getFailures()) {
System.out.println(failure.toString());
}
System.out.println(result.wasSuccessful());
}
}
步骤5-验证结果
使用javac编译器编译类,如下所示:
C:\Mockito_WORKSPACE>javac CalculatorService.java MathApplication.
java MathApplicationTester.java TestRunner.java
现在运行测试运行器以查看结果-
C:\Mockito_WORKSPACE>java TestRunner
验证输出。
true
要了解有关JUnit的更多信息,请参考Tutorials Point上的JUnit Tutorial。