Mockito-添加行为 - 芒果文档

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📜 Mockito-添加行为

📅 最后修改于: 2020-12-06 10:13:15 🧑 作者: Mango

Mockito使用when()方法向模拟对象添加功能。看一下下面的代码片段。

//add the behavior of calc service to add two numbers
when(calcService.add(10.0,20.0)).thenReturn(30.00);

在这里，我们指示Mockito给出将calcService的add方法添加10和20的行为，并因此返回30.00的值。

此时，Mock记录了该行为，并且是一个有效的模拟对象。

//add the behavior of calc service to add two numbers
when(calcService.add(10.0,20.0)).thenReturn(30.00);

例

步骤1-创建一个名为CalculatorService的接口以提供数学函数

文件：CalculatorService.java

public interface CalculatorService {
   public double add(double input1, double input2);
   public double subtract(double input1, double input2);
   public double multiply(double input1, double input2);
   public double divide(double input1, double input2);
}

第2步-创建一个JAVA类来表示MathApplication

文件：MathApplication.java

public class MathApplication {
   private CalculatorService calcService;

   public void setCalculatorService(CalculatorService calcService){
      this.calcService = calcService;
   }
   
   public double add(double input1, double input2){
      return calcService.add(input1, input2);
   }
   
   public double subtract(double input1, double input2){
      return calcService.subtract(input1, input2);
   }
   
   public double multiply(double input1, double input2){
      return calcService.multiply(input1, input2);
   }
   
   public double divide(double input1, double input2){
      return calcService.divide(input1, input2);
   }
}

第3步-测试MathApplication类

让我们通过向其注入一个CalculatorService模拟来测试MathApplication类。模拟将由Mockito创建。

文件：MathApplicationTester.java

import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner;

// @RunWith attaches a runner with the test class to initialize the test data
@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class MathApplicationTester {
    
   //@InjectMocks annotation is used to create and inject the mock object
   @InjectMocks 
   MathApplication mathApplication = new MathApplication();

   //@Mock annotation is used to create the mock object to be injected
   @Mock
   CalculatorService calcService;

   @Test
   public void testAdd(){
      //add the behavior of calc service to add two numbers
      when(calcService.add(10.0,20.0)).thenReturn(30.00);
        
      //test the add functionality
      Assert.assertEquals(mathApplication.add(10.0, 20.0),30.0,0);
   }
}

步骤4-执行测试用例

在C：\> Mockito_WORKSPACE中创建一个名为TestRunner的Java类文件以执行测试用例。

文件：TestRunner.java

import org.junit.runner.JUnitCore;
import org.junit.runner.Result;
import org.junit.runner.notification.Failure;

public class TestRunner {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      Result result = JUnitCore.runClasses(MathApplicationTester.class);
      
      for (Failure failure : result.getFailures()) {
         System.out.println(failure.toString());
      }
      
      System.out.println(result.wasSuccessful());
   }
}

步骤5-验证结果

使用javac编译器编译类，如下所示：

C:\Mockito_WORKSPACE>javac CalculatorService.java MathApplication.
   java MathApplicationTester.java TestRunner.java

现在运行测试运行器以查看结果-

C:\Mockito_WORKSPACE>java TestRunner

验证输出。

true