📜  QTP-设计框架

📅  最后修改于: 2020-12-06 10:47:39             🧑  作者: Mango


让我们通过一个示例应用程序设计一个简单的框架。我们将使测试中的应用程序的一些场景自动化并编写可重用的功能。

被测试的示例应用程序是“ Calculator” ,它是Windows的一部分提供的默认应用程序。现在让我们创建框架的不同组件。在这里,我们将开发一个混合框架并使用对象存储库,因为它是一个非常简单的应用程序。但是,该框架也可以扩展以支持复杂的应用程序。

框架的文件夹结构如下所示-

QTP框架文件夹结构

文件夹结构的说明-

  • 主驱动程序脚本-驱动整个执行的脚本。它执行执行所需的先决条件和初始设置。

  • 库文件-构成功能库的关联功能。

  • 数据表-执行所需的测试数据。

  • 对象库-使QTP能够无缝识别对象的对象及其属性。

  • 执行日志-文件夹包含具有用户功能和函数执行历史的执行日志文件。

主驱动程序脚本

'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 
' MASTER DRIVER SCRIPT NAME    : Calculator 
' DESCRIPTION                  : Drivers Script to Execute Automated Test for 
   the Calculator  
' AUTHOR                       : Tutorials Point 
' DATE CREATED                 : 30-Dec-2013 
' OBJECT REPOSITORY ASSOCIATED : Calc.tsr 
' LIBRARY FILES ASSOCIATED     : calculator.qfl, Common.qfl 
' MODIFICATION LOG

' ---------------------------------------------------- 
' First Version       Tutorials point 
'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =  
Option Explicit  

Public ExecDrive  

' Get the Root folder of the Test  so that we can make use of relative paths. 
Dim x : x = Instr(Environment.Value("TestDir"),"Driver")-2 
ExecDrive = mid(Environment.Value("TestDir"),1,x)  

' Get the path of Libraries using relative to the current Drive 
Dim LibPath : LibPath = ExecDrive+"\Libraries\"  

' Dynamically Load the Function Libraries 
LoadFunctionLibrary LibPath + "Calculator.qfl", LibPath + "common_utils.qfl"   

' Capturing the Start Time 
' clscommon is the class object created in common.qfl library file 
clscommon.StartTime = Time()  

' Launching the Application 
SystemUtil.Run "C:\Windows\System32\Calc.exe" : wait (2)  

' Initialize the Data Table Path  
Dim FileName : FileName  = ExecDrive+"\TestData\Calculator.xls" 
Dim SheetSource : SheetSource  = "Calc_test" 
Dim SheetDest : SheetDest = "Global"  

' Import the DataTable into the QTP Script 
DataTable.ImportSheet  FileName , SheetSource , SheetDest   

' Object Repository Path 
Dim RepPath : RepPath = ExecDrive+"\Object_Repository\Calc.tsr" 
RepositoriesCollection.RemoveAll()  
RepositoriesCollection.Add(RepPath)   

' To Keep a Count on iteration 
Dim InttestIteration                   
Dim InttestRows : InttestRows = datatable.GetRowCount   

'  Fetching Date-TimeStamp which will be unique for Naming the Execution Log File 
clscommon.StrDateFormatted = day(date()) & "_" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) &  
 "_" & YEAR(date())& "_"&hour(now)&"_"&minute(now)  

 ' Name the LogFile  
clscommon.StrLogFile = ExecDrive & "\Execution Logs\" &  
clscommon.StrDateFormatted & ".txt"   

' Create the Execution LogFile which captures the result 
clscommon.Fn_FileCreate(clscommon.StrLogFile)  

' Iniitialize the Parameters and all the relevant Test Details 
Call Fn_InitializeLogFile()  

' Kill all the previous calculator process  
Call fn_Kill_Process("calc.exe")  

For InttestIteration = 1 to InttestRows 
   datatable.SetCurrentRow InttestIteration  
   Dim StrExecute : StrExecute = Ucase(Trim(datatable.Value("Run","Global"))) 
   If StrExecute = "Y" Then  
      clscommon.Number1 = Trim(datatable.Value("Number_1","Global"))  
      clscommon.Number2 = Trim(datatable.Value("Number_2","Global"))  
      clscommon.Number3 = Trim(datatable.Value("Number_3","Global"))  
   
      clscommon.Number4 = Trim(datatable.Value("Number_4","Global"))  
      clscommon.Number5 = Trim(datatable.Value("Number_5","Global"))  
      clscommon.Number6 = Trim(datatable.Value("Number_6","Global"))  
   
      clscommon.Test_Case_ID  = 
         Trim(datatable.Value("Test_Case_ID","Global"))' 
            : clscommon.LogWrite "The Test Case Data is Located at :: " & tcDataPath 
      clscommon.tcScenario = 
         Trim(datatable.Value("Scenario","Global"))' 
            : clscommon.LogWrite "The Test Case Data is Located at :: " & tcDataPath 
      Dim  Expected_Val :  Expected_Val = 
         Trim(datatable.Value("Expected_Val","Global"))'                        
            :  clscommon.LogWrite "The Test Case Data is Located at :: " & tcDataPath 
   
      Select case clscommon.tcScenario  
         Case "Add" 
            clscommon.LogWrite "=== Inside the Test Set :: " & 
               clscommon.tcScenario & " ===" 
                  Call fnCalculate("+",Expected_Val) 
    
         Case "Subtract"   
            clscommon.LogWrite "=== Inside the Test Set :: " & 
               clscommon.tcScenario & " ===" 
                  Call fnCalculate("-",Expected_Val) 
    
         Case "Multiply"   
            clscommon.LogWrite "=== Inside the Test Set :: " & 
               clscommon.tcScenario & " ===" 
                  Call fnCalculate("*",Expected_Val) 
    
         Case "Divide"   
            clscommon.LogWrite "=== Inside the Test Set :: " & 
               clscommon.tcScenario & " ===" 
                  Call fnCalculate("/",Expected_Val) 
    
         Case "Sqrt"   
            clscommon.LogWrite "=== Inside the Test Set :: " & 
               clscommon.tcScenario & " ===" 
                  Call fnCalculate("sqt",Expected_Val) 
      End Select 
   End If  
Next  

' Calling the End Test to Add the result Footer in exec log file. 
Call fn_End_test()  

'  =====================  End of Master Driver Script ===================== 

库文件

计算器功能写在单独的函数文件中,扩展名为.qfl或.vbs。这些功能可跨操作重用。

'  Calculator. Qfl File :: Associated Function Library for Calculator Master Driver  

'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =  
' FUNCTION NAME     : Fn_InitializeLogFile 
' DESCRIPTION       : Function to Write the Initial Values in the Log File 
' INPUT PARAMETERS  : varExecDrive,StrDB,StrUId,Strpwd,StrNewDB 
' OUTPUT PARAMETERS : NIL 
' RETURN VALUE      : Pass or Fail message 
' DATE CREATED      : 30-Dec-2013 
'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =  
Public Function Fn_InitializeLogFile() 
   clscommon.LogWrite "********************************************" 
   clscommon.LogWrite "Calc Automation Started" 
End Function 
'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =  
' FUNCTION NAME     : fnCalculate 
' DESCRIPTION       : Function to perform Arithmetic Calculations 
' INPUT PARAMETERS  : operator,Expected_Val 
' OUTPUT PARAMETERS : NIL 
' RETURN VALUE      : Pass or Fail message 
' DATE CREATED      : 30-Dec-2013 
'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =    
Function fnCalculate(operator,Expected_Val) 
   clscommon.LogWrite "Executing the Function 'fnCalculate' " 

   Window("Calculator").Activate 
    
   If Trim(clscommon.Number1) <> ""  Then
      Window("Calculator").WinButton(clscommon.Number1).Click 
   If Trim(clscommon.Number2) <> ""  Then 
      Window("Calculator").WinButton(clscommon.Number2).Click 
   If Trim(clscommon.Number3) <> ""  Then 
      Window("Calculator").WinButton(clscommon.Number3).Click 

   Window("Calculator").WinButton(operator).Click 
   If Trim(clscommon.Number4) <> ""  Then 
      Window("Calculator").WinButton(clscommon.Number4).Click 
   If Trim(clscommon.Number5) <> ""  Then 
      Window("Calculator").WinButton(clscommon.Number5).Click 
   If Trim(clscommon.Number6) <> ""  Then 
      Window("Calculator").WinButton(clscommon.Number6).Click 

   Window("Calculator").WinButton("=").Click 
   Dim ActualVal : ActualVal  = 
      Window("Calculator").WinEdit("Edit").GetROProperty("text") 
   clscommon.LogWrite "The Actual Value after the Math Operation is "& ActualVal 
  
   If Trim(ActualVal) = Trim(Expected_Val) Then 
      clscommon.WriteResult "Pass",  clscommon.Test_Case_ID , 
         clscommon.tcScenario , " Expected Value matches with Actual Value :: " 
            & ActualVal 
    
   Else 
      clscommon.WriteResult "Fail",  clscommon.Test_Case_ID , 
         clscommon.tcScenario , " Expected Value - " & Expected_Val & " Does NOT matches 
            with Actual Value :: " & ActualVal 
   End If 
    
   Window("Calculator").WinButton("C").Click 
    
   If Err.Number <> 0  Then 
      clscommon.LogWrite  "Execution Error : The Error Number is ::  " & 
         Err.Number & " The Error Description is " & Err.Description 
      Err.Clear 
   End If 
    
   clscommon.LogWrite "Exiting the Function 'fnCalculate' " 
End Function  

'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 
' FUNCTION NAME     : fn_Kill_Process 
' DESCRIPTION       : Function to Kill the process by name 
' INPUT PARAMETERS  : Application name to be killed 
' OUTPUT PARAMETERS : NIL 
' RETURN VALUE      : NIL 
' DATE CREATED      : 30-Dec-2013 
'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =  
Function fn_Kill_Process(process) 
   Dim strComputer ,  strProcessToKill , objWMIService , colProcessstrComputer = "." 
   strProcessToKill = process 
    
   Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" _& 
      "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" _& strComputer & "\root\cimv2") 
    
   Set colProcess = objWMIService.ExecQuery _("Select * from Win32_Process 
      Where Name = '" & strProcessToKill & "'") 
    
   count = 0 
   For Each objProcess in colProcess 
      objProcess.Terminate() 
      count = count + 1 
   Next 
End Function  

'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =  
' FUNCTION NAME     : fn_End_test 
' DESCRIPTION       : Function to finish the test Execution process 
' INPUT PARAMETERS  : Application name to be killed 
' OUTPUT PARAMETERS : NIL 
' RETURN VALUE      : NIL 
' DATE CREATED      : 20/Dec/2013 
'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 
Function fn_End_test() 
   clscommon.LogWrite "Status Message - Executing the Function 'fn_End_test' " 
    
   Window("Calculator").Close 
   On Error Resume Next 
    
   clscommon.StopTime = Time() 
   clscommon.ElapsedTime = DateDiff("n",clscommon.StartTime,clscommon.StopTime) 
   Dim Totaltests  
   Totaltests = clscommon.gintPassCount+ clscommon.gintFailCount
   clscommon.LogWrite "## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 
   clscommon.LogWrite "##  The Execution Start Time  ::  " & clscommon.StartTime 
   clscommon.LogWrite "##  The Execution End Time   ::  " & clscommon.StopTime 
   clscommon.LogWrite "##  The Time Elapsed ::   " & clscommon.ElapsedTime & " Minutes " 
   clscommon.LogWrite "##  The OS ::  " & Environment.Value("OS") 
   clscommon.LogWrite "##  The Total No of Test Cases Executed  ::  " & Totaltests 
   clscommon.LogWrite "##  The No. of Test Case Passed ::  " & clscommon.gintPassCount 
   clscommon.LogWrite "##  The No. of Test Case Failed ::  " & clscommon.gintFailCount 
   clscommon.LogWrite "## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 
   SystemUtil.CloseDescendentProcesses 
End Function  
'  ===============   End of Calculator. Qfl   ============================= '

另一个库文件是“ common_utils.qfl”,其中包含函数,使我们能够将输出写入文本文件。

Set clscommon = New OS_clsUtils  

'Creating a class file to handle global variables. 
Class OS_clsUtils 
   Dim StrLogFile 
   Dim StrDateFormatted 
   Dim Result 
    
   Dim  Number1, Number2 , Number3  
   Dim  Number4, Number5 , Number6  
   Dim Test_Case_ID , tcScenario 
   Dim StartTime, StopTime, ElapsedTime 
   
   Dim gintPassCount , gintFailCount , gintWarningCount ,  gintdoneCount,  
      gintinfoCount 
    
   Function Fn_FileCreate(strFileName) 
      Dim objFSO:  Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") 
      On Error Resume Next 
      
      Dim objTextFile : Set objTextFile = objFSO.CreateTextFile(strFileName) 
      objTextFile.Close 
       
      Set objTextFile = Nothing 
      Set objFSO = Nothing 
   End Function 
    
   Function LogWrite(sMsg) 
      Const ForAppending = 8 
       
      Dim objFSO : Set objFSO = CreateObject("scripting.FileSystemObject") 
      
      Dim objTextFile : Set objTextFile = objFSO.OpenTextFile 
         (clscommon.StrLogFile, ForAppending, True) 
       
      objTextFile.WriteLine day(date()) & "/" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) 
         &  "/" & YEAR(date()) & " " & time & ": " & sMsg 
      objTextFile.Close 
       
      Set objTextFile = Nothing 
      Set objFSO = Nothing 
   End Function 
    
   Function WriteResult(strStatus,functionName,functionDescription,Result) 
      Const ForAppending = 8 
      Dim objFSO : Set objFSO = CreateObject("scripting.FileSystemObject") 
      Dim objTextFile : Set objTextFile = objFSO.OpenTextFile 
         (clscommon.StrLogFile, ForAppending, True) 
       
      objTextFile.WriteLine day(date()) & "/" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) 
         &  "/" & YEAR(date()) & " " & time & ": " & "  
            * * * * * * Test Case Exec Details  * * * * * " 
      
      objTextFile.WriteLine day(date()) & "/" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) 
         &  "/" & YEAR(date()) & " " & time & ": " & " Test staus :: " & strStatus 
      objTextFile.WriteLine day(date()) & "/" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) 
         &  "/" & YEAR(date()) & " " & time & ": " & " Tese ID ::  " & functionName 
      objTextFile.WriteLine day(date()) & "/" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) 
         &  "/" & YEAR(date()) & " " & time & ": " & " Test Description :: " 
            & functionDescription 
      objTextFile.WriteLine day(date()) & "/" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) 
         &  "/" & YEAR(date()) & " " & time & ": " & " Test Result Details :: " & Result 
      objTextFile.WriteLine day(date()) & "/" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) 
         &  "/" & YEAR(date()) & " " & time & ": " & "  
            * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *  * * * * * * * * * * * " 
      objTextFile.Close 
       
      Set objTextFile = Nothing  
      Set objFSO = Nothing 
       
      Select Case Lcase(strStatus) 
         Case "pass" 
            gintPassCount = gintPassCount + 1 
          
         Case "fail" 
            gintFailCount = gintFailCount+1 
      End Select 
   End Function 
End Class 
'   =====================   End of common_Utils.qfl ===================== 

对象库

对象存储库已获取用户将要操作的所有对象。下图显示了添加到存储库中名称为calc.tsr的所有对象的列表

AUT的OR

数据表

DataTable包含关键字,这些关键字不仅可以驱动测试,还可以测试将QTP应用于对象的数据。

框架中使用的数据表

执行日志

执行日志文件或输出文件包含用户操作和函数日志,这将使测试人员可以在脚本失败时进行调试。

框架中使用的数据表

8/Jan/2014 5:09:16 PM: ************************************************* 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:16 PM: Calc Automation Started 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:16 PM: === Inside the Test Set  ::   Add  === 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:16 PM: Executing the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: The Actual Value after the Math Operation is 949.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM:  * * * * * * Test Case Exec Details  * * * * *  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Test staus :: Pass 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Tese ID ::  TC_001 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Test Description :: Add 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Test Result Details ::  Expected Value matches with Actual 
   Value :: 949.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *  * * 
* * * * * * * * * 
  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Exiting the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: === Inside the Test Set  ::   Subtract  === 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Executing the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: The Actual Value after the Math Operation is 415.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: * * * * * * Test Case Exec Details  * * * * *  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Test staus :: Pass 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Tese ID ::  TC_002 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Test Description :: Subtract 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Test Result Details ::  Expected Value matches with Actual 
   Value :: 415.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *  * * * 
* * * * * * * *

8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Exiting the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: === Inside the Test Set  ::   Multiply  === 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Executing the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: The Actual Value after the Math Operation is 278883.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: * * * * * * Test Case Exec Details  * * * * *  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: Test staus :: Pass 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: Tese ID ::  TC_003 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: Test Description :: Multiply 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM:  Test Result Details ::  Expected Value matches with 
   Actual Value :: 278883.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *  * * * 
* * * * * * * *   

8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: Exiting the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: === Inside the Test Set  ::   Divide  === 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: Executing the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: The Actual Value after the Math Operation is 3.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: * * * * * * Test Case Exec Details  * * * * *  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: Test staus :: Pass 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: Tese ID ::  TC_004 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: Test Description :: Divide 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: Test Result Details ::  Expected Value matches with Actual 
   Value :: 3.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *  * * * 
* * * * * * * * 
  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: Exiting the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: === Inside the Test Set  ::   Sqrt  === 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: Executing the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: The Actual Value after the Math Operation is 10.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: * * * * * * Test Case Exec Details  * * * * *  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: Test staus :: Pass 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: Tese ID ::  TC_005 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: Test Description :: Sqrt 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: Test Result Details ::  Expected Value matches with Actual 
   Value :: 10.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *  * * * * 
* * * * * * * 

8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: Exiting the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: Status Message - Executing the Function 'fn_Finish_test'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 
# # # # # #  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ##  The Execution Start Time  ::  5:09:14 PM 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ##  The Execution End Time   ::  5:09:20 PM 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ##  The Time Elapsed ::   0 Minutes  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ##  The OS ::  Microsoft Windows Vista Server 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ##  The Total No of Test Cases Executed  ::  25 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ##  The No. of Test Case Passed ::  25 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ##  The No. of Test Case Failed ::   
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 
# # # # # #